•  
  •  
 

Abstract

The constant increase in the number of internet users in Indonesia amid a sluggish economy caused by the Large-Scale Social Restriction (PSBB) policy is a great opportunity for a digital-based economy. However, the unavailability of relevant macroeconomic statistical measurements inhibits the digital economy from being determined as a policy priority amidst the Covid-19 pandemic. This study offers an alternative measurement of the digital economy of Indonesia by establishing Digital Economy Index (DEI). This study discovers that digital economic activities in Indonesia have grown rapidly with an average growth of almost nine percent quarterly. On the other hand, this study also utilizes the established index to determine its effect on the economy using the Error Correction Model (ECM). The analysis reveals that DEI has not affected GDP in the short term, but it has significantly and positively in the long term. Therefore, the government can apply this digital economy index to describe the development of digital economic activities to support the digital economy as a priority for economic policy amidst the Covid-19 pandemic.

References

[1] Ahmad, N & Ribarsky, J 2018, ‘Towards a framework for measuring the digital economy’, Paper prepared for the 16th Conference of IAOS, OECD Headquarters, Paris, France, 19-21 September 2018, viewed September 2020, https://www.oecd.org/iaos2018/programme/ IAOS-OECD2018_Ahmad-Ribarsky.pdf.

[2] Barefoot, K, Curtis, D, Jolliff, W, Nicholson, JR, & Omohundro, R 2018, ‘Defining and measuring the digital economy’, Working Paper 3/15/2018, Bureau of Economic Analysis, Washington, DC, viewed September 2020, https://www.bea.gov/research/papers/2018/ defining-and-measuring-digital-economy.

[3] Bukht, R & Heeks, R 2017, ‘Defining, conceptualising and measuring the digital economy’, Development Informatics Working Paper, 68, Centre for Development Informatics, viewed September 2020, https://diodeweb.files.wordpress. com/2017/08/diwkppr68-diode.pdf.

[4] Gumah, ME & Jamaludin, Z 2006, ‘What is the digital economy, and how to measure it’, Conference Paper, Knowledge Management International Conference and Exhibition 2006 (KMICE 2006), 6-8 June 2006, The Legend Hotel Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

[5] Gustiana, A 2018, Aggregate financial stability index dan sumber instabilitas sistem keuangan Indonesia menggunakan change point analysis dan heatmap (Undergraduated thesis, Polytechnic of Statistics STIS).

[6] Joint Research Centre-European Commission, 2008, Handbook on constructing composite indicators: methodology and user guide, OECD Publishing.

[7] Ministry of Communication and Information Technology 2015, 22 November, Indonesia akan jadi pemain ekonomi digital terbesar di Asia Tenggara, viewed September 2020, https://www.kominfo.go.id/content/detail/6441/ indonesia-akan-jadi-pemain-ekonomi-digital-terbesar-diasia- tenggara/0/berita_satker.

[8] Ministry of Communication and Information Technology 2020, 24 April, Terjadi pergeseran penggunaan Internet selama masa pandemi, viewed September 2020, https://kominfo.go.id/content/detail/26060/ terjadi-pergeseran-penggunaan-internet-selama-masapandemi/ 0/berita_satker.

[9] Primaganis, LD 2019, Digital economy: Pengukuran dan pengaruhnya terhadap perekonomian di Indonesia (Polytechnic of Statistics STIS, Undergraduated thesis).

[10] Rohman, IK 2019, ‘Digital economy, understanding the core concept and the overlooked areas’, A former research fellow at European Commission and United Nation University.

[11] Sari, D 2020, ‘Fenomena ekonomi dan perdagangan Indonesia di masa pandemi Corona Virus Disease-19 (Covid- 19)’, Jurnal Akuntansi dan Investasi, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 81-93. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.35835/aktiva.v5i1.840.

[12] Statista 2019, Internet usage worldwide - Statistics & facts, viewed September 2020, https://www.statista.com/topics/ 1145/internet-usage-worldwide/.

[13] Statistics Indonesia, n.d., Produk Domestik Bruto, viewed September 2020, https://sirusa.bps.go.id/sirusa/index. php/variabel/1302.

[14] Statistics Indonesia, 2014, Statistik telekomunikasi Indonesia 2013, BPS.

[15] Statistics Indonesia, 2018, Statistik telekomunikasi Indonesia 2017, BPS.

[16] Statistics Indonesia, 2020, Pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia triwulan I-2020, BPS.

[17] Susilo, A, Rumende, CM, Pitoyo, CW, Santoso, WD, Yulianti, M, Herikurniawan, Sinto, R, Singh, G, Nainggolan, L, Nelwan, EJ, Chen, LK, Widhani, A, Wijaya, E, Wicaksana, B, Maksum, M, Annisa, F, Jasirwan, COM, & Yunihastuti, E 2020, ‘Coronavirus disease 2019: Tinjauan literatur terkini’, Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 45-67.

[18] WHO 2020, 11 March, WHO Director-General’s opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19, World Health Organization, viewed September 2020, https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/ who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-mediabriefing- on-covid-19---11-march-2020.

[19] Wirabrata, A 2016, ‘Prospek ekonomi digital bagi peningkatan pertumbuhan ekonomi’, Majalah Info Singkat Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Publik, vol. 8, pp. 13-16.

[20] Worldometer 2020, Total Covid-19 cases in Indonesia, viewed September 2020, https://www.worldometers.info/ coronavirus/country/indonesia/.

Download

Share

COinS