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Abstract

Background: Proper nutrition is important for the mother and baby. The media is an important source of information for every pregnant woman, but the information might be inaccurate.

Aim: This study aims to examine the association between exposure to digital media information on anemia and iron-folic acid (IFA) supplementation and the food consumption habits of pregnant women as measured by the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) at Puskesmas Kecamatan Beji, Depok City in 2024.

Method: This study utilized a cross-sectional design involving secondary data analysis of the 2024 antenatal care (ANC) survey conducted at Beji Primary Health Center, Depok City. Purposive sampling based on eligibility criteria yielded a final valid sample of 218–220 pregnant women using available-case analysis. Data were collected using a structured dichotomous (Yes/No) questionnaire to assess digital media exposure and a validated semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) covering seven food groups (r = 0.361–0.613). Bivariate associations were analyzed using the Chi-square test and Fisher's Exact Test with a significance level of α = 0.05.

Result: A total of 48.6% of respondents were exposed to digital media information on anemia and IFA. Among the seven food groups, only fruit consumption showed a tendency toward an association with media exposure (Chi-square, p = 0.061; one-sided Fisher's Exact Test, p = 0.042); pregnant women exposed to media were 1.78 times more likely to consume fruit frequently (OR = 1.78; 95% CI: 1.00-3.18). The remaining six food groups showed no statistically significant association (p > 0.05). These findings suggest that the association between media exposure and food consumption habits is selective, particularly for flexible and easily accessible foods.

References

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Bahasa Abstract

Latar Belakang: Kebiasaan konsumsi makanan yang adekuat sangat penting bagi kesehatan ibu dan bayi. Media menjadi salah satu sumber informasi utama bagi setiap ibu hamil, tetapi informasi yang disampaikan tidak selalu akurat.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur hubungan keterpaparan media digital anemia dan TTD dengan kebiasaan konsumsi makanan ibu hamil yang terukur dengan Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) di Puskesmas Kecamatan Beji, Kota Depok pada tahun 2024.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan analisis data sekunder dari survei antenatal care (ANC) tahun 2024 di Puskesmas Kecamatan Beji, Kota Depok. Teknik purposive sampling diterapkan berdasarkan kriteria kelayakan, menghasilkan sampel valid akhir sebesar 218–220 ibu hamil (available-case analysis). Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur dikotomis (Ya/Tidak) untuk mengukur paparan media digital serta Semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) 7 kelompok pangan yang divalidasi (r = 0,361-0,613). Analisis hubungan bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-Square (alpha = 0,05) dan uji Fisher's Exact Test.

Hasil: Sebanyak 48,6% responden terpapar media digital informasi anemia dan TTD. Dari tujuh kelompok makanan, hanya konsumsi buah yang menunjukkan kecenderungan hubungan dengan paparan media (p = 0,061 pada uji Chi-Square dua sisi; p = 0,042 pada uji Fisher's Exact satu sisi), dengan ibu hamil yang terpapar media 1,78 kali lebih mungkin sering mengonsumsi buah (OR = 1,78; 95% CI: 1,00-3,18). Enam kelompok makanan lain tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik (p > 0,05). Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa hubungan antara paparan media dan kebiasaan konsumsi bersifat selektif, terutama pada jenis makanan yang fleksibel dan mudah diakses.

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