Multistage Sonication Effect on the Composition and Properties of Degraded Chitosan Product

Authors

Nurul Laili Arifin, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Batam, Batam 29461, IndonesiaFollow
Emma Savitri, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya 60294, Indonesia
Anjar Indah, Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
Fesa Putra, Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
Sumarno Sumarno, Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia

Abstract

The sonication method randomly breaks polymer chains to produce a varied distribution of products. A scheme with multi-stage sonication steps is proposed to identify oligomers and low molecular weight chitosan based on changes to the degrad-ed product. For each sonication level, 1% (w/v) chitosan in 1% (v/v) aqueous acetic acid was sonicated for 120 min at 60 °C. The products of the sonication treatment were deprotonized by adding an alkali solution, freeze dried and insoluble product re-sonicated until a low molecular weight was produced. Low molecular weight chitosan/insoluble products were character-ized with Fourier-transform infrared spectra (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine the effect of multistage soni-cation on degree of deacetylation (DD) and degree of crystallinity. The viscosity of the average molecular weight of insolu-ble chitosan was estimated by a viscometric method, while the degree of polymerization (DP) of the chitosan oligomers (COS) were determined by end group analysis. The results showed that the molecular weight of insoluble chitosan decreased and reached a limiting value, (Mlim). The percent yield of oligoglucosamine of the soluble products increased with the num-ber of the sonication stages. The degree of crystallinity of insoluble chitosan increased from 19% to 34.14% while the DD decreased from 82% to 78.1%.

Bahasa Abstract

Pengaruh Proses Sonikasi Bertahap terhadap Komposisi dan Sifat Material dari Produk Kitosan Terdegradasi. Metode sonikasi memiliki keterbatasan yaitu terjadinya pemutusan rantai secara random yang menghasilkan banyak variasi distribusi produk. Tujuan dilakukan proses sonikasi adalah untuk memperoleh oligomer kitosan dan kitosan berat molekul rendah yang telah berubah sifat propertiesnya di setiap tahapan sonikasi. Setiap level, kitosan 1% (w/v) dalam 1% (v/v) laru-tan asam asetat disonikasi selama 120 min pada 60 C. produk dari proses sonikasi diprotonasi dengan menambahkan laru-tan basa, dilakukan freeze dried dan produk yang tidak terlarut disonikasi kembali hingga memperoleh berat molekul yang konstan. Struktur rantai dari kitosan berat molekul rendah dianalisis dengan Fourier-transform infrared spectra (FT-IR) dan X-ray diffraction (XRD), untuk mengetahui pengaruh sonikasi bertahap terhadap degree of deacetylation (DD) dan derajat kristalinitas. Viskositas berat molekul rata-rata dari kitosan tidak terlarut diukur dengan metode viscometric sedangkan un-tuk Chitosan oligomers (COS) ditentukan melalui end group analysis. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa berat molekul dari kitosan tidak terlarut berkurang nilainya dan menghasilkan nilai konstan (Mlim). Persen yield oligoglucosa-mine dari produk yang terlarut meningkat dengan bertambahnya jumlah dari tahapan sonikasi. Derajat kristalinitas dari kitosan yang tidak terlarut meningkat dari 19% menjadi 34%, sedangkan derajat deasitilasi menurun dari 82% menjadi 78.1%.

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Recommended Citation

Arifin, Nurul Laili; Savitri, Emma; Indah, Anjar; Putra, Fesa; and Sumarno, Sumarno (2019) "Multistage Sonication Effect on the Composition and Properties of Degraded Chitosan Product," Makara Journal of Technology: Vol. 23: Iss. 1, Article 5.
DOI: 10.7454/mst.v23i1.3585
Available at: https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/mjt/vol23/iss1/5