•  
  •  
 

Abstract

This study examines the conservation and transformation of the Ching Ang Methodist Church into the Methodist Heritage Gallery (MHG) in Sibu, Sarawak, highlighting its role in placemaking and identity construction within the Foochow-Methodist community. By exploring the interplay between colonial modernity, heritage interpretation, and ethno-religious provenance, the research situates MHG as a critical site of memory and cultural articulation. Using an interpretivist approach, this study employs building surveys, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis to investigate the architectural, social, and symbolic dimensions of the MHG. The findings reveal that the gallery's adaptive reuse not only preserves Methodist-Foochow heritage but also serves as a catalyst to induce modern interiority in its subjects through the themes of subjective idealism and emergent domesticities. The study further demonstrates how material culture and archival provenance shape historical narratives, asserting the MHG as a cosmogram that encapsulates religious, social, and economic transformations. Ultimately, this research underscores the significance of community archives in redefining heritage as an evolving and participatory process, contributing to a broader discourse on identity and memory politics in postcolonial Asian societies.

Publication Date

7-29-2026

References

Atkinson, P. A. & Coffey, A. (2004). Analysing documentary realities. In D. Silverman (Ed.), Qualitative research: Theory, method and practice (2nd ed., pp. 56–75). Sage.

Atmodiwirjo, P., & Yatmo, Y. A. (2023). Situated interior. Interiority, 6(2), 137–140. https://doi.org/10.7454/in.v6i2.372 

Bastian, J. A. (2003). In a "House of Memory": Discovering the provenance of place. Archival Issues, 28(1) 9–19. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41102070 

Bastian, J. A. (2006). Reading colonial records through an archival lens: The provenance of place, space and creation. Archival Science6, 267–284. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-006-9019-1 

Bastian, J. A. (2020). Radical recordkeeping: How community archives are changing how we think about records. In S. L. Mizruchi (Ed.), Libraries and archives in the digital age (pp. 69–82). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33373-7_7 

Bastian, J. A., Griffin, S. H., & Lowry, J. (2024). Dedication and introduction to the provenance special issue. Archival Science, 24, 555–557. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-024-09467-5 

Boublil, É., & Calcagno, A. (Eds.). (2023). Rethinking interiority: Phenomenological approaches. State University of New York Press.

Cole, A. R. (1961). Emerging pattern: C.I.M work within the diocese of Singapore and Malaya. China Inland Mission.

Cook, T. (2013). Evidence, memory, identity, and community: four shifting archival paradigms. Archival Science13, 95–120. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-012-9180-7 

Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (3rd ed.). Sage.

Denison, E. (2017). Architecture and the landscape of modernity in China before 1949. Routledge.

Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (Eds.). (2011). The Sage handbook of qualitative research (4th ed.). Sage.

Derrida, J. (1996). Archive fever: A Freudian impression (E. Prenowitz, Trans.). University of Chicago Press.

Hammond, M., & Wellington, J. (2012). Research methods: The key concepts. Routledge.

Harrison, R. (2013). Heritage: Critical approaches. Routledge.

Hsia, C. J. (2002). Theorizing colonial architecture and urbanism: building colonial modernity in Taiwan. Inter-Asia Cultural Studies3(1), 7–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/14649370220135788 

Ishida, J., & Kim, J. (2014. Colonial modernity and urban space: Seoul and the 1930s land readjustment project. In I. Kuroishi (Ed.), Constructing the colonized land (pp. 171–192). Routledge.

Lin, F. C. H. (2022). The postcolonial condition of architecture in Asia: A lead from display-ness. Lexington Books.

Lin, F. C. H. (2024). Crafting theories about living heritage: the postcolonial condition of contemporary Asian architecture and urbanism as an Asian 'display.' Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 24(6), 4690–4701. https://doi.org/10.1080/13467581.2024.2412134 

Liong, Y. C. (2003). The quest for a relevant identity: The Chinese Methodist Church in Sarawak Malaysia, 1963–1988. Board of Christian Literature of the Sarawak Chinese Annual Conference.

Lyotard, J. F. (1984). The postmodern condition: A report on knowledge (G. Bennington & B. Massumi, Trans.). University of Minnesota Press.

McKemmish, S., Piggott, M., Reed, B., & Upward, F. (2005). Archives: Recordkeeping in society. Elsevier.

Muñoz Viñas, S. (2023). A theory of cultural heritage: Beyond the intangible. Routledge.

Ohanian, M., & Royoux, J.-C. (2005). Cosmograms. Lukas & Sternberg.

Osborne, P. (1995). Politics of time: Modernity and Avant-Garde. Verso.

Pimlott, M. (2018). Interiority and the conditions of interior. Interiority1(1), 5–20. https://doi.org/10.7454/in.v1i1.5 

Robson, C. (2024). Real world research (5th ed.). John Wiley & Sons.

Saunders, G. E. (1992). Bishops and Brookes: the Anglican mission and the Brooke Raj in Sarawak 1848-1941. Oxford University Press.

Scott, D. W. (2016). Mission as globalization: Methodists in Southeast Asia at the turn of the twentieth century. Lexington Books.

Scott, J. (1990). A matter of record: Documentary sources in social research. John Wiley & Sons.

Sheffield, R. (2017). Community archives. In H. MacNeil & T. Eastwood (Eds.), Currents of archival thinking (pp. 351–376). Bloomsbury. https://doi.org/10.5040/9798400636288.ch-014 

Smith, J. A., & Fieldsend, M. (2021). Interpretative phenomenological analysis. In P. M. Camic (Ed.), Qualitative research in psychology: Expanding perspectives in methodology and design (2nd ed., pp. 147–166). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000252-008 

Stoler, A. L. (2002). Colonial archives and the arts of governance. Archival Science2, 87–109. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02435632 

Tresch, J. (2007). Technological world-pictures: Cosmic things and cosmograms. Isis98(1), 84–99. https://doi.org/10.1086/512833 

Tresch, J. (2014). Cosmologies materialized: History of science and history of ideas. In D. M. McMahon & S. Moyn (Eds.), Rethinking modern European intellectual history (pp. 153–172). https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199769230.003.0008 

Wolfe, P. (1997). History and imperialism: A century of theory, from Marx to postcolonialism. The American Historical Review102(2), 388–420. https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/102.2.388 

Wurl, J. (2005). Ethnicity as provenance: In search of values and principles for documenting the immigrant experience. Archival Issues29(1), 65–76. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41102095 

Yaneva, A. (2022). Latour for architects. Routledge.

Yin, R. K. (2014). Case study research: Design and methods (5th ed.). Sage.

Young, S. L. (2022). How Luther became the mythical "Here I Stand" hero. Lutheran Quarterly36(1), 53–72. https://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lut.2022.0003 

Submitted Date

2025-03-25

Accepted Date

2026-06-15

First Page

207

Last Page

230

Authors' Bio

Sanjeh Kumar Raman
[email protected]
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6588-8440

Sanjeh Kumar Raman is a Senior Lecturer and Programme Coordinator at the School of Built Environment and a researcher in the Research Centre for Borneo Regionalism and Conservation (BORC), University of Technology Sarawak. His broad research interests are place and space theories in architecture and interior architecture, with a focus on experiences of disorientations, migrant and minority experiences, the impact of memory, cultural identity and politics in everyday design context, and the constructs of non-western modernity.

Tong Jia Chian
[email protected]
https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6264-0973

Tong Jia Chian is a Senior Lecturer in the Architecture Department and a researcher in the Research Centre for Borneo Regionalism and Conservation (BORC), University of Technology Sarawak. He also has his own design practice in Sibu, Sarawak. Tong's research interests are rural placemaking, place identity, and architectural history.

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Author(s) retain the copyright of articles published in this journal, with first publication rights granted to Interiority.

Share

COinS