•  
  •  
 

Abstract

This article explores Maurice Merleau-Ponty's thought on the role of the body in shaping human experience, focusing on two key concepts: body schema and motor intentionality. Contrasting with the dualistic approach of modern Western philosophy that separates body and consciousness, Merleau-Ponty asserts that the body is not merely an object but an active subject in the world. The body schema is understood as a dynamic and pre-reflective structure that enables individuals to perceive the position and movement of their bodies within a situational space. Motor intentionality, as illustrated through the case of Schneider, shows that the body has the capacity to project meaning and respond directly to the world without cognitive reflection. This writing emphasizes the need to rehabilitate the role of the body in contemporary philosophical discourse, particularly in understanding the human-world relationship holistically.

References

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Brey, P. (2000), “Technology and Embodiment in Ihde and Merleau-Ponty,” Metaphysics, Epistemology, and Technology. Research in Philosophy and Technology, vol 19. ed. C. Mitcham. London: Elsevier/JAI Press, preprint version diunduh dari https://www.4tu.nl/ethics/downloads/default/files/brey-2000-embodiment.pdf, pada Rabu, 16 Juli 2025 pk. 16.50.

Carman, Taylor (1999), “The Body in Husserl and Merleau-Ponty”, Philosophical Topics, FALL 1999, Vol. 27, No. 2, 205-226.

Gallagher, Shaun & Meltzoff, Andrew N. (1996), “The Earliest Sense of Self and Others: Merleau-Ponty and Recent Developmental Studies,” Philos Psychol., 9(2), DOI:10.1080/09515089608573181.

Jackson, Gabrielle Benette (2017), “Maurice Merleau‐Ponty's concept of motor intentionality: Unifying two kinds of bodily agency.” European Journal of Philosophy, 1–17.

Merleau-Ponty (2002), Phenomenology of Perception. New York and London: Routledge.

Tiemersma, Douwe (1982), ”‘Body-Image’ and ‘Body-Schema’ in the Existential Phenomenology of Merleau-Ponty,” Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology, 13:3, 246-255, DOI: 10.1080/00071773.1982.11007591

Tjaya, Thomas Hidya (2020), Merleau-Ponty dan Kebertubuhan Manusia. Jakarta: KPG.

Ward, Dave (2018), “What’s Lacking in Online Learning? Dreyfus, Merleau-Ponty and Bodily Affective Understanding,” Journal of Philosophy of Education, https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9752.12305

Bahasa Abstract

Artikel ini mengkaji pemikiran Maurice Merleau-Ponty mengenai peran tubuh dalam membentuk pengalaman manusia melalui dua konsep kunci: skema tubuh (body schema) dan intensionalitas motorik (motor intentionality). Berbeda dari pendekatan dualistik dalam filsafat modern Barat yang memisahkan tubuh dan kesadaran, Merleau-Ponty menegaskan bahwa tubuh bukanlah sekadar objek, melainkan subjek yang hadir secara aktif dalam dunia. Skema tubuh dipahami sebagai struktur dinamis dan prareflektif yang memungkinkan individu untuk mengenali posisi dan gerak tubuhnya dalam ruang situasi. Intensionalitas motorik, sebagaimana dianalisis melalui kasus Schneider, menunjukkan bahwa tubuh memiliki kapasitas untuk memproyeksikan makna dan merespons dunia secara langsung tanpa perantara refleksi kognitif. Tulisan ini menegaskan pentingnya rehabilitasi peran tubuh dalam wacana filsafat kontemporer, khususnya dalam memahami relasi manusia dengan dunia secara holistik.

Download

Share

COinS