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Abstract

Kamp pengungsian imigran di Calais dibuka pada tahun 1999 dan kemudian ditutup secara resmi pada tahun 2002. Para imigran tetap datang dan membangun kamp secara ilegal setelah penutupan resmi kamp ini Kamp ini diberikan julukan kamp Calais “Jungle” pada tahun 2009 setelah kamp terus menerus berkembang karena jumlah imigran yang terus bertambah. Pada tahun 2014, jumlah imigran yang mengungsi di kamp ini mencapai 6.000 jiwa. Suatu komunitas sosial terbentuk dari berbagai etnis yang ada. Komunitas ini bekerjasama dan membuat sistemnya sendiri dalam menjalankan kehidupan mereka. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dari Creswell (2009) dengan korpus komunitas kamp imigran Calais “Jungle” pada tahun 2009-2016. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori state of exception (Agamben, 1995) dan teori Kapital Sosial (Bourdieu, 1986) untuk meneliti komunitas dan sistem sosial di dalam kamp Calais “Jungle”. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam lingkungan kamp terdapat sistem sosial baru yang merupakan hasil dari pengabaian hukum yang seharusnya berlaku dan terdapat pihak yang menjadi dominasi dalam kegiatan sosial dan ekonomi dalam komunitas sosial di dalam kamp, yaitu kelompok imigran dari Afganistan.

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