•  
  •  
 

Abstract

Based on Indonesian-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (IJEPA), Indonesia sends some nurses (perawat) who would be employed either as hospital nurses (perawat rumah sakit) or as care workers for the elderly (perawat lansia). Nurses who work in Japanese hospitals are required to meet Japanese nursing standards, through a competency test of Japanese nursing standards. This article discusses how Indonesian care workers adapt to working conditions while being in Japan and about the problem of nurses with Indonesian qualifications working with Japanese competency standards. This study is qualitative research using a survey method. The data collection technique used in this study was a questionnaire via google form. This study uses the theory of liminality to explain the adaptation process and the problems faced by Indonesian care workers in Japan. This study found out that there was a gap between what had been expected and what had been faced by Indonesian nurses (especially who were originally medical nurses) working in Japan, so that the “care workers” chose to return home and started to build a career in Indonesia.

Bahasa Abstract

Berdasarkan kerjasama antara Jepang dan Indonesia (Indonesian-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement atau yang bisa disingkat IJEPA), Indonesia mengirim tenaga perawat yang akan dipekerjakan sebagai perawat baik perawat rumah sakit (nurse) maupun di panti lansia (careworker). Tenaga perawat yang bekerja di Rumah sakit Jepang harus memenuhi standar keperawatan Jepang, melalui uji kompetensi standar keperawatan Jepang. Artikel ini membahas bagaimana tenaga perawat lansia (care worker) Indonesia beradaptasi dengan kondisi kerja selama di Jepang. Bagaimana permasalahan tenaga perawat dengan kualifikasi Indonesia bekerja dengan standar kompetensi Jepang. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode survei. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner melalui google form. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori liminalitas untuk menjelaskan proses adaptasi dan permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh careworker Indonesia di Jepang. Dari hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa ada kesenjangan antara apa yang diharapkan dan dihadapi oleh perawat Indonesia yang bekerja di Jepang, sehingga banyak careworker yang memilih untuk pulang dan berkarir di Indonesia.

References

Aminah, S., Wardoyo, S., & Pangastoeti, S. (2018). Pengiriman Tenaga Perawat dan Careworker Indonesia ke Jepang dalam Kerangka Indonesia-Jepang Economic Partnership Agreement (IJ-EPA). Bakti Budaya, 92.

Arisanova, M. (2013). Peningkatan Daya Saing Indonesia di Bidang Keperawatan Melalui Implementasi Indonesia-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (IJEPA). 1-22.

Bryman, A. (2012). Social Research Methods. New York: Oxford University Press.

Chick, N., & Meleis, A. (1986). Transitions : A Nursing Concern. New York : Aspen Publication. Nursing Research Methodology.

Efendi, F., Nursalam, N., Ulfiana, E., & Fauziningtyas, R. (2019). Situational Analysis of Career Choices among Indonesian Nurses Returnees. Indian Journal.

Hakim, A. (2011). Survival Strategy of Former Women Migrant Worker. Widyariset, 14(1), 257-265.

Horn, R. (1980). A Case Study of the Dual Labor Market Hypothesis. Journal of Economic Issues, 14(3), 615-630.

Iskandar, K. (2016). Trajektori Sosial Ekonomi TKI Perawat ke Jepang dalam Perspektif Global Value Chain. Depok: RIngkasan Disertasi, Departemen Sosiologi FISIP Universitas Indonesia.

Iskandar, K. (2020). Japan Aging Issues, Long Term Care Care Insurance (LTCI) and The Migration of Indonesian Nurse to Enter Japan Labor Market. Journal of Strategic and Global Studies, Article 2.

Nisa, H. Z. (2019). Analisis Satu Dekade IJEPA: Studi Kasus terhadap Pemenuhan Hak-Hak Careworkers Indonesia di Jepang. Depok: Tesis, Program Kajian Wilayah Jepang Universitas Indonesia.

Pearce, J. M. (2018). The Chequered Picture of Religion Around The World. Dipetik Agustus 12, 2021, dari https://www.patheos.com/blogs/tippling/2018/10/19/the-chequered-picture-of-religion-around-the-world/

Piore, M. J. (1979). Bird of Passage: Migrant Labor in Industrial Societies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Priyadi, E. S. (2019). Tenaga Kerja Indonesia Di Jepang; Studi Tentang Motivasi Yang Melatarbelakangi Seseorang Menjadi Traine. Jurnal Renaissance, 4 (02) , 572-582.

Puspitasari, W., & Kusreni, S. (2017). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Migrasi Tenaga Kerja. Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Terapan, 02(01), 49-64.

Sairin, S. (2002). Perubahan Sosial Masyarakat Indonesia: Perspektif Antropologi. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.

Saito, A. (2014). Problems in Accepting Indonesian Candidates for Nurses and Certified Caregivers in Japan: Career Achievement of the Candidates Based on Qualitative Interviews. Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional, 16(1), 48-68.

Tjiptoherijanto, P. (2000). Penduduk dan Pembangunan Ekonomi. Mobiilitas Penduduk dan Pembangunan Ekonomi(20), 176.

Download

Share

COinS
 
 

To view the content in your browser, please download Adobe Reader or, alternately,
you may Download the file to your hard drive.

NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.