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Jurnal Kajian Stratejik Ketahanan Nasional

Abstract

The Global Commodity Boom happened during 2003-2013 triggered increased price and demand for mineral and coal commodities around the world. The mineral and coal producing countries implement Resources Nationalism (RN). Indonesia as second of the largest coal exporting countries also indicates using RN in mineral coal policy. The aim of this study is to analyse RN in Indonesia coal’s sector based on Law Number 3 of 2020 and its implication toward Indonesia’s energy resilience. This qualitative research is aimed to describe the RN in Indonesia’s coal sector and risk analysis on coal sector to understand Indonesia energy resilience. Based on the result of this study, RN on Law Number 3 of 2020 was implemented by considering the ownership structure, intervention on operational industry and policy aimed to increase rent. Risk analysis related to availability, affordability, accessibility and acceptability. The result shows the positive impact arise include the guarantee of national energy availability, price stability and increasing industry capability related to coal. The negative impact is the environmental damage has potential to become burden on government in long term. Key Words: Coal, Energy Resilience, Resources Nationalism

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Bahasa Abstract

Global Commodity Boom tahun 2003-2013 memicu naiknya harga dan permintaan terhadap komoditas mineral dan batubara di dunia. Negara penghasil komoditas mineral dan batubara menerapkan kebijakan bercorak Resources Nationalism (RN). Indonesia sebagai salah satu negara pengekspor batubara terbesar kedua di dunia menerapkan kebijakan RN. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis RN pada kebijakan sektor pertambangan batubara Indonesia merujuk pada Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2020 serta implikasinya terhadap ketahanan energi Indonesia. Penelitian kualitatif ini mendeskripsikan RN pada sektor batubara Indonesia dan analisis risiko pada batubara dalam memahami ketahanan energi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini RN pada Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2020 diterapkan mempertimbangkan struktur kepemilikan, intervensi kebijakan pembatasan operasional industri dan kebijakan yangmenyasar kenaikan sewa. Analisis risiko terkait dengan ketersediaan, keterjangkauan, akses, dan lingkungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dampak positif yang muncul antara lain adanyajaminan ketersediaan energi nasional, stabilitas harga serta peningkatan kapabilitas industri terkait batubara. Dampak negatifnya, kerusakan lingkungan berpotensi menjadi beban pemerintah bila tidak dikelola yang merujuk pada pembangunan berkelanjutan. Kata Kunci: Batubara, Resources Nationalism, Ketahanan Energi

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