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Jurnal Kajian Stratejik Ketahanan Nasional

Abstract

Perkembangan teori demokrasi sebagai sub-bidang ilmu politik berbarengan dengan keberadaan demokrasi modern. Sejak didirikan, teori negara telah mendominasi demokrasi modern. Dalam studi tentang demokrasi modern, para ahli telah membedakan antara pemahaman demokratis dan teori demokrasi. Perbedaannya membantu menjelaskan pendekatan terhadap subjek demokrasi menurut para pakar ilmu politik. Sejumlah teori demokrasi telah muncul di lingkungan akademik dan merupakan hasil dari para ilmuwan politik profesional. Literatur yang dibahas tentang teori demokrasi kontemporer mengungkapkan ada lima teori demokrasi yang mendominasi literatur — meskipun masih banyak yang tumpang tindih. Kelima teori yang bertahan adalah: (a) pluralis, (b) partisipatif, (c) liberal minimalis, (d) deliberatif, dan (e) agonis. Mayoritas perdebatan teoretis di antara para ilmuwan politik sehubungan dengan teori demokrasi harus melibatkan satu atau lebih teori-teori yang disebutkan di atas. Oleh karena itu, untuk memiliki pemahaman menyeluruh tentang teori demokrasi modern, setiap murid harus memahami perbedaan tersebut. Sebagian besar perdebatan teoritis di antara para ilmuwan politik tentang teori demokrasi melibatkan satu atau lebih teori-teori ini. Karena itu, setiap siswa yang ingin mengeksplorasi pemikiran demokratis modern harus memahami perbedaan dalam lima teori ini.

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ISSN: 2620-7419

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