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Jurnal Geografi Lingkungan Tropik (Journal of Geography of Tropical Environments)

Abstract

Land cover change significantly influences vegetation greenness and land surface temperature (LST), particularly in upstream watershed regions experiencing rapid development. This study aims to analyze changes in vegetation greenness (NDVI), land surface temperature, and their relationship across different land cover types in the Ciwidey Sub-Watershed, Bandung Regency, during 1990–2020. Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI images (Path/Row 122/65) acquired in July 1990, 2005, and 2020 were processed using radiometric correction, supervised classification (Maximum Likelihood), NDVI extraction, and mono-window LST algorithm. Land cover classification accuracy was assessed using confusion matrix analysis. Linear regression was applied to evaluate the relationship between NDVI and LST. Results indicate a decline in high vegetation greenness areas and an increase in very low greenness and non-vegetated areas, particularly in built-up land and mixed gardens. Surface temperature shows a consistent upward trend, with dominant temperature classes shifting from 19–21°C (1990–2005) to 22–24°C (2020). Regression analysis reveals a strong negative relationship between NDVI and LST in all observed years (1990: y = -15.113x + 20.683; 2005: y = -14.313x + 23.012; 2020: y = -10.927x + 25.175), indicating that increasing vegetation greenness reduces surface temperature. These findings confirm that vegetation degradation contributes to thermal amplification in the sub-watershed. The study highlights the importance of vegetation conservation for sustainable watershed management.

Bahasa Abstract

Perubahan tutupan lahan secara signifikan memengaruhi kehijauan vegetasi dan suhu permukaan tanah (LST), terutama di daerah hulu DAS yang mengalami perkembangan pesat. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perubahan kehijauan vegetasi (NDVI), suhu permukaan tanah, dan hubungannya di berbagai tipe tutupan lahan di Sub-DAS Ciwidey, Kabupaten Bandung, selama periode 1990–2020. Citra Landsat 5 TM dan Landsat 8 OLI (Path/Row 122/65) yang diperoleh pada Juli 1990, 2005, dan 2020 diproses menggunakan koreksi radiometrik, klasifikasi terbimbing (Maximum Likelihood), ekstraksi NDVI, dan algoritma LST mono-window. Akurasi klasifikasi tutupan lahan dinilai menggunakan analisis matriks kebingungan. Regresi linier diterapkan untuk mengevaluasi hubungan antara NDVI dan LST. Hasil menunjukkan penurunan area dengan kehijauan vegetasi tinggi dan peningkatan area dengan kehijauan sangat rendah dan area tanpa vegetasi, terutama di lahan terbangun dan kebun campuran. Suhu permukaan menunjukkan tren kenaikan yang konsisten, dengan kelas suhu dominan bergeser dari 19–21°C (1990–2005) menjadi 22–24°C (2020). Analisis regresi mengungkapkan hubungan negatif yang kuat antara NDVI dan LST di semua tahun pengamatan (1990: y = -15,113x + 20,683; 2005: y = -14,313x + 23,012; 2020: y = -10,927x + 25,175), menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kehijauan vegetasi mengurangi suhu permukaan. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa degradasi vegetasi berkontribusi pada amplifikasi termal di sub-daerah aliran sungai. Studi ini menyoroti pentingnya konservasi vegetasi untuk pengelolaan daerah aliran sungai yang berkelanjutan.

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