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Jurnal Geografi Lingkungan Tropik (Journal of Geography of Tropical Environments)

Abstract

Indonesia's geographical location resulted in the fisheries in the Sunda Strait also affected by global climate dynamics. One of them is the ENSO (El Nino-Southern Oscillation) phenomenon in the Pacific Ocean that affects the seasons and marine waters in Indonesia. The fishery in the Sunda Strait has a commodity of pelagic fish where potential area can be estimated from oceanographic parameters such as sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a concentration in marine waters. The dynamics of the spatial and temporal parameter of oceanography due to the variation of ENSO phenomena can be identified from Aqua satellite images carrying the MODIS sensor. Information on potential areas of pelagic fish is needed to help the effectiveness of fishery activities and increase the production of capture fisheries. Monthly oceanographic parameters in the Sunda Strait are overlayed based on 4 seasonal variations in a year on each variation of the ENSO phenomenon and are classified by moderate, potential, and very potential classes. As a result, the potential areas of very potential pelagic fish in the Sunda Strait in the La Nina and El Nino phenomena are greater than in normal conditions and occur in the east seasons until the second transition. The spread is in the Indian Ocean to the west of the Sunda Strait.

Bahasa Abstract

Letak geografis Indonesia mengakibatkan perikanan di Selat Sunda turut terkena dampak dari dinamika iklim global. Salah satunya yaitu fenomena ENSO (El Nino-Southern Oscillation) di Samudera Pasifik yang mempengaruhi musim dan perairan laut di Indonesia. Perikanan di Selat Sunda memiliki komoditi berupa ikan pelagis yang wilayah potensialnya dapat diperkirakan dari parameter-parameter oseanografi berupa suhu permukaan laut (SPL) dan konsentrasi klorofil-a di perairan laut. Dinamika parameter oseanografi secara spasial dan temporal akibat variasi fenomena ENSO dapat diidentifikasi dari citra satelit Aqua yang membawa sensor MODIS. Informasi wilayah potensi ikan pelagis dibutuhkan untuk membantu efektifitas kegiatan perikanan dan menambah produksi perikanan tangkap. Parameter-parameter oseanografi bulanan di Selat Sunda ditampal berdasarkan 4 variasi musim dalam setahun pada setiap variasi fenomena ENSO dan diklasifikasikan berdasarkan kelas potensial sedang, potensial, dan sangat potensial. Hasilnya, wilayah potensi ikan pelagis yang sangat potensial di Selat Sunda pada fenomena La Nina dan El Nino lebih besar dibanding pada kondisi normal dan terjadi pada musim timur hingga peralihan II. Sebarannya berada di Samudera Hindia di sebelah barat Selat Sunda.

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