COMPLEXITIES BEHIND THE JAVANESE SHROUNDS: UNRAVELING TEXTILE SYMBOLISM FOR THE DEAD THROUGH MIKHAIL BAKHTIN’S HETEROGLOSSIA

Authors

Asha Kun Nayla Faizin, Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Humanities, Universitas IndonesiaFollow
Ganang Dwi Kartika, Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Humanities, Universitas IndonesiaFollow

Abstract

The shroud, a textile used to wrap and accompany humans in death, is far from a simple object. Within Islamic traditions, the white cloth applied to the deceased's body takes on various changes, modifications, and deeper meanings when individuals contextualize their own beliefs and experiences through it. This study focuses on the shroud's role in Islamic death rituals in Java, revealing a multiplicity of meanings as theorized by Mikhail Bakhtin's concept of heteroglossia. By employing a pragmatic semiotic approach, this research interprets and analyses the symbols that emerge from the contextualization of these textiles within Javanese death rituals. The study’s significance lies in its exploration of the cultural richness and symbolism associated with shrouds in Javanese Islam, thereby shedding light on the intricate interplay between religion and culture in shaping human experiences and beliefs around death.

References

Al-Bukhari, M. b. I. (2002). Shohih Bukhari (1st ed.). Ibn Katsir. https://ia600806.us.archive.org/0/items/Bukhari_201707/Bukhari.pdf.

Apriliana, S. S., & Syamwil, R. (2014). “Pengaruh Konstruksi Kain Terhadap Kualitas Batik dengan Teknik Wet on Wet (WOW)”. Fashion and Fashion Education Journal, 3(1).

Auslander, L. (2005, October). “Beyond Words”. The American Historical Review, 110(4), 1015-1045. Retrieved October 3, 2023, from https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/ahr.110.4.1015

Bagshaw, H. B. P. (2013). Religion in the Thought of Mikhail Bakhtin: Reason and Faith. Ashgate Publishing Limited.

Bailey, B. (2012). Heteroglossia. In The Routledge Handbook of Multilingualism (p. 499- 507). Routledge.

Bakhtin, M. M., & Brostrom, K. N. (1979). “Toward the Aesthetics of the Word”.

Disposition, 4(11/12), 299–315. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41491180 Bakhtin, M. M. (1981). The Dialogic Imagination. University of Texas Press.

Bakhtin, M. M., & Sollner, P. (1983). “Rabelais and Gogol: The Art of Discourse and the Popular Culture of Laughter”. Mississippi Review, 11(3), 34–50. http://www.jstor.org/stable/20133922

Bakhtin, M. M. (1984). Problems of Dostoevsky's poetics (C. Emerson, Ed.; C. Emerson, Trans.). University of Minnesota Press.

_________. (1984). Rabelais and His World. Indiana University Press.

_________. (1986). Speech Genres and Other Late Essays (C. Emerson & M. Holquist, Eds.; V. W. McGee, Trans.). University of Texas Press.

Bastardas-Boada, A. (2017). Complexity and Language Contact: A Socio-Cognitive Framework. In S. S. Mufwene, F. Pellegrino, & C. Coupé (Eds.), Complexity in Language: Developmental and Evolutionary Perspectives. Cambridge University Press.

Beatty, A. (2001). Variasi agama di Jawa: suatu pendekatan antropologi. RajaGrafindo Persada.

Bernard-Donals, M. F. (1994). Mikhail Bakhtin: between phenomenology and Marxism. Cambridge University Press.

Brandist, C. (1997, September/October). “Bakhtin, Cassirer, and Symbolic Forms”. Radical Philosophy, 85, 20-27.

Cirlot, J. C. (1983). Dictionary of Symbols. Taylor & Francis.

Coates, R. (1998). Christianity in Bakhtin: God and the Exiled Author. Cambridge University Press.

Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. (1984). Upacara Tradisional (Upacara Kematian) Daerah Jawa Timur. Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Proyek Inventarisasi dan Dokumentasi Kebudayaan Daerah.

Dormor, C. (2020). A Philosophy of Textile: Between Practice and Theory. Bloomsbury Publishing.

Erdinast-Vulcan, D. (2013). Between Philosophy and Literature: Bakhtin and the Question of the Subject. Stanford University Press.

Fithrawan, A. R., & Elfira, M. (2013, July). Chronotope Mikhail Bakhtin dalam novel Турецкий Гамбит/Tureckij Gambit/karya Boris Akunin [Thesis]. Universitas Indonesia. https://lib.ui.ac.id/detail?id=20348308&lokasi=lokal

Gardiner, M. (1992). “Bakhtin’s Carnival: Utopia as Critique”. Utopian Studies, 3(2), 21-49. http://www.jstor.org/stable/20719133

________. (2002). The Dialogics of Critique: M.M. Bakhtin and the Theory of Ideology. Taylor & Francis.

Given, L. M. (Ed.). (2008). The Sage Encyclopedia of Qualitative Research Methods. Sage Publications, Inc.

Holquist, M. (2002). Dialogism: Bakhtin and his world. Routledge.

Jefferies, J., Wood Conroy, D., & Clark, H. (Eds.). (2016). The Handbook of Textile Culture. Bloomsbury Academic.

Jordan-Haladyn, M. (2014). Dialogic Materialism: Bakhtin, Embodiment and Moving Image Art. Peter Lang Publishing Incorporated.

Khan, T. R., & Tantray, M. A. (2021). Concepts in Muslim Philosophy. Rudra Publications.

Kinser, S. (1984). “Chronotopes and Catastrophes: The Cultural History of Mikhail Bakhtin”. The Journal of Modern History, 56(2), 301–310. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1879092.

Lachmann, R., Eshelman, R., & Davis, M. (1988). “Bakhtin and Carnival: Culture as Counter-Culture”. Cultural Critique, 11, 115–152. https://doi.org/10.2307/1354246

Magnis-Suseno, F. (1983). Sebuah Analisa Falsafi tentang Kebijaksanaan Hidup Jawa. PT Gramedia Jakarta.

Manshur, F. M. (2017). “Teori Dialogisme Bakhtin dan Konsep-Konsep Metodologisnya”. SASDAYA, Gadjah Mada Journal of Humanities, 1(2), 235- 249.

Mathijssen, B. (n.d.). The Human Corpse as Aesthetic-Therapeutic. Mortality, 28(1), 37-53. DOI: 10.1080/13576275.2021.1876009

Morson, G. S., & Emerson, C. (1990). Mikhail Bakhtin: Creation of Prosaics. Stanford University Press.

Murtadho, M. (2002). Islam Jawa. Lappera Pustaka Utama.

Musawa, H. (2008). Fiqih Praktis Menurut Mazhab Ahlul Bayt as.: Panduan Menuju Alam Barzakh. Al-Huda Surakarta.

Mustopo, M. H. (2001). Kebudayaan Islam di Jawa Timur: Kajian Beberapa Unsur Budaya Masa Peralihan. Jendela Grafika Yogyakarta.

Nasuhi, H. (2009). Serat Dewaruci: tasawuf Jawa Yasadipura I. Cooperation of Ushul Press Publisher, Institute for Quality Development and Assurance (CeQDA), and UIN Jakarta Press.

Regar, R. F. (2023, March 20). Resik Lawon Cuci Kain Kafan, Tradisi Menjelang Bulan Ramadan di Banyuwangi. Retrieved December 10, 2023, from https://ramadan.tempo.co/read/1704774/resik-lawon-cuci-kain-kafan-tradisi-menjelang-bulan-ramadan-di-banyuwangi

Ricklefs, M. C. (2006). Mystic Synthesis in Java: A History of Islamization from the Fourteenth to the Early Nineteenth Centuries. EastBridge.

Sabiq, S. (n.d.). Fiqhus Sunnah (1st ed.). Al-Fathu lil I’lam Al-Arabi. https://ia903209.us.archive.org/22/items/021603/0216_01.pdf

Salam, S. (1964). Sedjarah Islam di Jawa. Djajamurni Djakarta.

Shepherd, D. G. (Ed.). (1998). The Contexts of Bakhtin: Philosophy, Authorship, Aesthetics. Harwood Academic Publishers.

Shevtsova, M. (1992). “Dialogism in the Novel and Bakhtin’s Theory of Culture”. New Literary History, 23(3), 747–763. https://doi.org/10.2307/469228.

Simuh. (2003). Islam dan Pergumulan Budaya Jawa (J. Musfah, Ed.; M. Alshodiq, Trans.). Teraju.

Steinby, L. (2011). “Hermann Cohen and Bakhtin’s Early Aesthetics”. Studies in East European Thought, 63(3), 227–249. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41477732

Taylor, L. (2015, May 1). “Beyond Words: An Embroidery in Memory of Anna Binderowska, Married 1864”. Textile: The Journal of Cloth and Culture, 11(3), 300-313. DOI: 10.2752/175183513x13793321037566

Woodward, M. R. (2017). Islam Jawa: Kesalehan Normatif Versus Kebatinan (Hairus Salim H. S., Trans.).

Recommended Citation

Faizin, Asha Kun Nayla and Kartika, Ganang Dwi (2025) "COMPLEXITIES BEHIND THE JAVANESE SHROUNDS: UNRAVELING TEXTILE SYMBOLISM FOR THE DEAD THROUGH MIKHAIL BAKHTIN’S HETEROGLOSSIA," International Review of Humanities Studies: Vol. 10: No. 1, Article 9.
DOI: 10.7454/irhs.v10i1.1366
Available at: https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/irhs/vol10/iss1/9