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Abstract

As a major global producer of palm oil products, Malaysia is familiar with criticisms of its palm oil cultivation, poor agricultural practices and decisions during the planting process. Loss of biodiversity and deforestation resulting from unsustainable palm oil practices are perceived as major setbacks for the environment in Malaysia. However, at the same time as Malaysia stands committed to the palm oil industry and its contribution to job growth and poverty reduction, the relevant stakeholders are creating strategies for sustainable production. Together with relevant environmental laws to prevent and control impacts from climate change, loss of biodiversity and deforestation, environmental impact assessment (EIA) procedures to limit environmental impacts are also being applied. Many legal and non-legal measures to ensure sustainable palm oil production practices have been continuously debated, created or implemented over the past decades. These include certification schemes, penalties for environmental offenses, imposing environmental taxes or incentives as corrective and rehabilitative tools, and contributions to an Environmental Fund, as provided in the Environmental Quality Act (EQA) 1974. Furthermore, any new initiatives must ensure that palm oil cultivation practices adhere to and embrace the principles envisaged in the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2030, Roundtable Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO), and Malaysia Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO), in order to achieve SDGs 2030.

Bahasa Abstract

Sebagai prousen global dari produk minyak kelapa sawit, Malaysia telah terbiasa menghadapi kritik terhadap perkebunan kelapa sawit dan gagasan mengenai praktik perkebunan yang tidak memadai, dan keputusan tentang proses penanaman. Hilangnya keanekaragaman hayati dan deforestasi yang disebabkan praktik perkebunan sawit yang tidak berkelanjutan dianggap sebagai kemunduran bagi perlindungan lingkungan hidup di Malaysia. Meskipun demikian, Malaysia tetap berkomitmen pada industri minyak sawit mengingat industri tersebut berkontribusi pada pertumbuhan pekerjaan dan pengurangan tingkat kemiskinan, pemangku kepentingan terkait untuk menciptakan strategi yang berkelanjutan terhadap produksi minyak sawit. Bersama dengan hukum lingkungan untuk mencegah dan mengendalikan dampak dari perubahan iklim, hilangnya keanekaragaman hayati dan deforestasi, prosedur analisis terhadap dampak lingkungan (AMDAL) yang ditimbulkan dari praktik pertanian juga diterapkan. Terdapat sejumlah upaya hukum dan nonhukum untuk menjamin bahwa perkebunan sawit menjalankan praktik yang berkelanjutan terus menerus diperdebatkan, diciptakan, atau diimplementasikan selama dekade terakhir, upaya tersebut termasuk skema sertifikasi, denda terhadap pelanggaran lingkungan, penerapan pajak atau insentif sebagai alat korektif dan rehabilitatif dan kontribusi terhadap dana lingkungan yang ditentukan dalam Environmental Quality Act 1974. Lebih lanjut berbagai inisiatif baru yang diimplementasikan yaitu untuk menjamin bahwa praktik perkebunan sawit di Malaysia menerapkan prinsip yang tercermin dalam Sustainable Development (SDGs) 2030, Roundtable Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) dan Malaysia Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO).

References

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