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Abstract

Over the past few years, one of Indonesia’s state-owned enterprises, PLN, has conducted dialogues focusing on developing a new value-creative business model to transform itself, a sleepy regulated utility, into a truly competitive electricity service provider. However, efforts to preserve the prominence of the Country’s electricity sector have been ongoing as the sector is still experiencing sustained rolling blackouts, net import dependency and lack of transmission facility enforcement throughout the Indonesian archipelago. Such efforts have been varied from the incentivise policy and programs such as the Public-Private Partnership and the two phases of Fast Track Program. The reformation of electricity law dated back on the 1985, 2002 and 2009 to attract investors in the development of Indonesia’s electricity sector have been enacted, but a controversial issue arose from the annulment of the Law No. 20 Year 2002 on Electricity by the Constitutional Court Decision No. 001- 021-022/PUU-I/2003 stating that such law which clearly stating that the requirement to privatise electricity operation was unconstitutional. This article will try to provide a comprehensive comparative analysis of such decision with the common practice adopted by the EU which has successfully implemented its deregulation and separation of the electricity’s business chain through unbundling the sector as part of liberalisation.

Bahasa Abstract

Dalam kurun beberapa tahun terakhir, salah satu badan usaha milik negara, PLN, telah melakukan beberapa dialog untuk membahas perkembangan sebuah model bisnis baru yang memiliki nilai kreatif untuk mentransformasi perusahaan, pengaturan utilitas yang tak tersentuh menjadi penyedia jasa listrik yang lebih kompetitif. Akan tetapi, berbgai cara telah dilakukan untuk mempertahankan sektor kelistrikan Indonesia, namun sektor ini masih mengalami pemadaman bergilir, ketergantungan akan impor dan kurangnya fasilitas transmisi di seluruh penjuru Indonesia. Cara-cara yang telah dilakukan tersebut bermacam-macam, mulai dari kebijakan dan program yang menginsentivasi para investor, contohnya melalui Kemitraan Pemerintah- Swasta dan ketiga fase Fast Track Program. Reformasi akan undang-undang ketenagalistrikan telah dimulai dari tahun 1985, 2002 dan 2009 yang dimaksudkan untuk menarik para investor untuk berpartisipasi dalam sektor kelistrikan di Indonesia. Namun, isu kontroversial timbul setelah Mahkamah Konstitusi RI dalam putusannya No. 001-021-022/PUU-I/2003 membatalkan keberlakuan Undang-Undang No. 20 Tahun 2002 tentang Ketenagalistrikan yang menyatakan bahwa ketentuan mengenai privatisasi kegiatan ketenagalistrikan dalam undang-undang tersebut tidak konstitusional. Tulisan ini akan mencoba untuk menyediakan analisis perbandingan menyeluruh terhadap putusan tersebut dengan mengacu pada praktik di EU sebagai salah satu contoh negara yang telah berhasil menerapkan konsep deregulasi dan pemisahan rantai bisnis ketenagalistrikan melalui proses penguraian dan liberalisasi.

References

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