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Abstract

Civilian drones are revolutionizing the skies, ushering in several beneficial possibilities and along with it several questions. From checking damage to a roof and aerial photography to border patrolling and emergency response, drones are increasingly put to civil and commercial use. Such a common use requires regulation. Technology has always grown exponentially, whereas the law governing such technology has to contend with such growth. Developed western countries are not the only ones grappling with reigning in these drones. The unique geographic conditions and national interests of Indonesia, India, and Thailand, find more utility for civilian drones, welcoming in the technology and the disruption it brings along. Each of these nations has adopted a measure of regulation for civilian usage of drones, which is the subject of this paper, An overview of its impact on this burgeoning phenomenon is provided, by comparing the existing legal framework in these three countries. Further, an attempt has been made to draw out suggestions for the Governments by highlighting factors that will require more deliberation in the process of establishing a sound legal and regulatory environment for civilian drones. Finally, the possibility of regional co-operation in establishing uniform standards, practices, and legal framework is explored.

Bahasa Abstract

Kehadiran pesawat nirawak (drone – dalam konteks ini untuk penggunaan sipil) dengan berbagai kemungkinan manfaat barunya, yang tentunya disertai munculnya isu-isu (hukum) terkait, telah mengubah dunia. Penggunaannya, dimulai dari sekedar mengecek kerusakan pada loteng rumah dan memotret lingkungan sekitar hingga untuk patroli wilayah perbatasan maupun keadaan darurat, telah menguatkan keberadaan pesawat nirawak baik untuk penggunaan sipil maupun komersial. Tentunya diperlukan peraturan terkini sehubungan pengaturan penggunaan pesawat nirawak. Mengingat teknologi tersebut berkembang begitu pesat, hukum-pun harus mampu mengimbanginya; dimana saat ini tidak hanya negara maju saja yang berupaya menyinkronkan keberadaan pesawat nirawak kedalam hukum positifnya. Perkembangan teknologi tersebut juga dimanfaatkan oleh Indonesia, India, dan Thailand mengingat keunikan kondisi geografis beserta kepentingan nasionalnya. Ketiga negara tersebut telah menerapkan berbagai kebijakan unik dalam mengadopsi peraturan mengenai pesawat nirawak, yang mana akan menjadi subjek pembahasan artikel ini. Suatu gambaran mengenai dampak dari fenomena pesawat nirawak akan disajikan dengan membandingkan hukum positif dari tiga negara tersebut. Kemudian, berbagai pertimbangan dan saran mengenai perancangan peraturan pesawat nirawak yang ditujukan kepada pemerintah ketiga negara tersebut akan turut disajikan. Pada akhirnya wacana akan kemungkinan terbentuknya kerjasama regional, tepatnya dalam hal menciptakan standar, praktek, maupun hukum positif yang seragam akan dieksplorasi.

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