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Abstract

This article focuses on “trafficking in persons” (TIP) in fisheries in Indonesia and Thailand. This The article refers to key international instruments on TIP and continues by discussing recent cases of TIP in fisheries in Indonesia that were reported in the first half of year 2015. It also explores national domestic legislation of Indonesia and Thailand in relation of measures to combat trafficking in the region. Bilateral and multilateral treaties such as the Treaty between the Government of the Kingdom of Thailand and the Government of the Republic of Indonesia Relating to Extradition and the ASEAN Treaty on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters are also addressed as cooperation tools which should be used by Indonesia and Thailand in prosecuting traffickers. To attain success in prosecuting law breakers and to be fair to all concerned, the author discourages those who are preoccupied with TIP from prejudging all unlawful acts as incidents of TIP since many of them might not fall under the criteria of TIP. Additionally, the article addresses the U.S. Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000, which classifies countries under one of the tiers stipulated therein. The author indirectly suggests that, via the Act, the U.S. puts pressure upon other countries to intensively suppress TIP and properly protect victims of TIP. Therefore, the author urges Indonesia and Thailand to take special care in handling incidents of TIP in fisheries.

Bahasa Abstract

Artikel ini berfokus pada “perdagangan manusia” (“trafficking in persons” atau TIP) dalam sektor industry perikanan laut di Indonesia dan Thailand. Artikel ini merujuk pada perangkat internasional mengenai TIP dengan membahas beberapa kasus terkini terkait TIP dalam sector perikanan laut di Indonesia yang dilaporkan terjadi pada semester pertama tahun 2015. Artikel ini juga mendalami peraturan domestik Indonesia dan Thailand dalam memerangi perdagangan manusia di kawasan dan juga perjanjian bilateral dan multilateral, di antaranya Perjanjian antara Pemerintah Kerajaan Thailand dan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia tentang Ekstradisi yang merupakan instrument yang dapat digunakan untuk melakukan penuntutan kepada para pelaku perdagangan manusia. Demi kesuksesan penuntutan para pelaku dan demi keadilan bagi pihak-pihak yang terkait, penulis tidak menyarankan dilakukannya praduga bersalah atas tindakan-tindakan melanggar hukum sebagai kasus perdagangan manusia karena tidak semua tindak pelanggaran hukum masuk dalam kriteria perdagangan manusia. Di samping itu, artikel ini juga merujuk pada U.S. Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act tahun 2000, yang menggolongkan negara-negara dalam beberapa tingkat. Penulis secara tidak langsung menyarakan agar melalui peraturan tersebut, Amerika Serikat dapat memberikan dorongan bagi negara lain untuk menekan perdagangan manusia dan memberikan perlindungan yang layak bagi para korban perdagangan manusia. Dengan demikian, penulis mendorong Indonesia dan Thailand untuk secara serius menangani kasus-kasus perdagangan manusia dalam sektor industri perikanan laut.

References

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