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Abstract

In the aftermath of 11 September 2001, terrorism overshadowed other global security concerns. Since then, there has been significant growth in security and counterterrorism legislation and policies worldwide. The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) Resolution 1373 (2001) and 1456 (2003) authorized states to implement national legislative measures to combat terrorism while emphasizing the promotion and protection of human rights and the rule of law. In Malaysia, counterterrorism efforts have been reinforced through the Security Offences (Special Measures) Act 2012 (SOSMA), the Prevention of Crime Act 1959 (POCA) (as amended in 2015), and the Prevention of Terrorism Act 2015 (POTA). This study critically examines these key pieces of Malaysian legislation related to counterterrorism and assesses their impact on human rights. The study explores the government’s securitization approach to managing perceived terrorism threats through this legislation. It specifically investigates how preventive detention provisions in these laws affect human rights in Malaysia, particularly the right to life and personal liberty as enshrined in Article 5 of the Federal Constitution. The findings revealed instances of

Bahasa Abstract

Pasca tragedi 11 September 2001, terorisme membayangi permasalahan keamanan global lainnya. Sejak itu, terjadi pertumbuhan signifikan dalam undang-undang dan kebijakan keamanan dan kontraterorisme di seluruh dunia. Resolusi 1373 (2001) dan 1456 (2003) Dewan Keamanan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (DK PBB) memberi wewenang kepada negara-negara untuk menerapkan langkah-langkah legislatif nasional untuk memerangi terorisme sambil menekankan pemajuan dan perlindungan hak asasi manusia dan supremasi hukum. Di Malaysia, upaya kontraterorisme telah diperkuat melalui Undang-undang Pelanggaran Keamanan (Tindakan Khusus) tahun 2012 (SOSMA), Undang-undang Pencegahan Kejahatan tahun 1959 (POCA) (sebagaimana diubah pada tahun 2015), dan Undang-undang Pencegahan Terorisme tahun 2015 (POTA). Studi ini secara kritis mengkaji bagian-bagian penting dari undang-undang Malaysia yang berkaitan dengan kontraterorisme dan menilai dampaknya terhadap hak asasi manusia. Studi ini mengeksplorasi pendekatan sekuritisasi pemerintah dalam mengelola persepsi ancaman terorisme melalui undang-undang ini. Laporan ini secara khusus menyelidiki bagaimana ketentuan penahanan preventif dalam undang-undang ini mempengaruhi hak asasi manusia di Malaysia, khususnya hak untuk hidup dan kebebasan pribadi sebagaimana tercantum dalam Pasal 5 Konstitusi Federal. Temuan-temuan tersebut mengungkap contoh-contoh tindakan pemerintah yang berlebihan dan penyalahgunaan wewenang dalam menegakkan undang-undang tersebut, yang mengakibatkan pelanggaran signifikan terhadap hak asasi manusia.

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