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Abstract

Waqf (Islamic endowment) is considered one of the alternative solutions to environmental problems in Indonesia. One of the examples is through the establishment of a waqf forest, a conservation initiative in the form of developing forests on waqf land. The development of waqf forests needs to pay attention to the legal side in accordance with the laws and regulations of Indonesia. Previous studies discussed the process of legalizing waqf land in Indonesia, but research about the legalization of waqf forest land is still scarce. This study aims to determine the process of legalizing waqf forests on the basis of Indonesian laws and regulations. On the basis of the results of literature studies and expert interviews that were analyzed descriptively, the process of legalizing waqf forest is one of the main tasks of a nazir (waqf manager). The process involves at least three government agencies: the Ministry of Religion, the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning (National Land Agency), and the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. The waqf forest legalization process begins with making a waqf pledge deed at the local Office of Religious Affairs, followed by creating a waqf land certificate at the local Land Offices. A crucial step is to clarify that the represented land must be located outside the forest area through a statement from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. The legalization of waqf forests will guarantee the sustainability of the forest because this process makes waqf forest legal under Islamic law and the law of the Republic of Indonesia.

Bahasa Abstract

Dewasa ini, wakaf mulai dipertimbangkan sebagai salah satu alternatif solusi dari permasalahan lingkungan di Indonesia. Salah satu contoh aplikasi wakaf untuk hal tersebut adalah ‘hutan wakaf’, sebuah inisiatif konservasi berupa pengembangan hutan di atas tanah wakaf. Pengembangan hutan wakaf, sebagai bagian dari tanah wakaf, perlu memperhatikan sisi legal sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku di Indonesia. Telah banyak penelitian sebelumnya yang membahas proses legalisasi tanah wakaf, namun belum ada penelitian yang membahas proses legalisasi hutan wakaf di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses legalisasi hutan wakaf sesuai peraturan perundang-undangan Indonesia. Berdasarkan hasil studi literatur dan wawancara pakar yang dianalisis secara deskriptif, proses legalisasi hutan wakaf dinilai sebagai salah satu tugas nazir (pengelola wakaf) yang utama. Proses ini melibatkan setidaknya tiga instansi pemerintah, yaitu Kementrian Agama, Kementrian Agraria dan Tata Ruang (Badan Pertanahan Nasional), serta Kementrian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan. Alur legalisasi hutan wakaf bermula dari pembuatan akta ikrar wakaf di Kantor Urusan Agama setempat, dilanjutkan dengan pembuatan sertifikat tanah wakaf di Badan Pertanahan Nasional setempat. Adapun salah satu syarat yang harus dipenuhi adalah, tanah yang diwakafkan tidak boleh merupakan bagian dari Kawasan Hutan, hal ini dibuktikan melalui surat keterangan dari Kementrian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan. Legalisasi hutan wakaf akan menjamin kelestarian hutan, sebab proses ini menjadikan hutan wakaf telah sah di bawah dua payung hukum, yaitu hukum Islam dan hukum negara Republik Indonesia.

References

Legal Documents

Indonesia. Keputusan Bersama Menteri Agama Republik Indonesia dan Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional (Joint Decision of the Minister of Religious Affairs and the Head of National Land Agency) No 422 tahun 2004 atau 3/SKB/BPN/2004 (No 422 of 2004 or 3/SKB/BPN/2004) tentang Sertifikasi Tanah Wakaf (concerning Waqf Land Certificate) (2004).

———. Peraturan Menteri Agama Republik Indonesia (Regulation of The Ministry of Religious Affairs) Nomor 73 Tahun 2013 (No 73 of 2013) tentang Tata Cara Perwakafan Benda Tidak Bergeak dan Benda Bergerak Selain Uang (concerning Waqf Procedures for the Immovable Objects and Movable Objects other Than Money (2013).

———. Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Republik Indonesia (Ministry of Environment and Forestry Act) No. P.21/MenLHK/Setjen/Kum.1/4/2019 tentang Hutan Adat dan Hutan Hak (concerning Customary Forest and Private Forest) (2019).

———. Undang-undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 41 tahun 2004 (Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 41 of 2004 about Waqf), Pub. L. No. 41, 1 (2004).

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Qamariyanti, Yulia. “The Contextual of Waqf in Philosophy of Islamic Law based on the Qur’an and Hadith.” Lambung Mangkurat Law Journal 1, no. 1 (2016): 15–26.

Rosyid, Mohammad. “Peran Sertifikat Tanah Wakaf Dalam Mengantsipasi Dinamika Zaman: Studi Kasus Madrasah Diniyah Muawanatul Muslimin Di Kudus.” Jurnal ZISWAF 3, no. 1 (2016): 123.

Sari Pertiwi, R, M Nafik Hadi Ryandono, K Rofiah, and Anita. “Regulations and Management of Waqf Institutions in Indonesia and Singapore: A Comparative Study.” In The 2nd International Conference on Islamic Economics, Business, and Page 766 Philanthropy (ICIEBP) Theme: “Sustainability and Socio-Economic Growth,” 3:766. KnE Social Sciences, 2019. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i13.4246.

Setiawati, Anda. “Perwakafan Tanah Non Hak Milik Pasca Berlakunya Undang-Undang No 41 Tahun 2004.” Supremasi Hukum 15, no. 2 (2019): 42–51.

Setyorini, Savitri Nur, Wirdyaningsih, and Chita Arifa Hazna. “Wakaf Lingkungan Hidup Dalam Rangka Pelaksanaan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Dan Penegakkan Keadilan Antargenerasi.” Journal of Islamic Law Studies, Sharia Journal 3, no. 1 (2020): 98–132.

Shaikh, Salman Ahmed, Abdul Ghafar Ismail, and Muhammad Hakimi Mohd Shafiai. “Application of Waqf for Social and Development Finance.” ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance 9, no. 1 (2017): 5–14. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIF-07-2017-002.

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Websites

(BWI), Indonesian Waqf Board. “Profil.” bwi.go.id, 2019. https://www.bwi.go.id/profil-badan-wakaf-indonesia/

Awqaf SA. “Waqf Hotel ‘Uthman Ibn “Affan’’’ (RA).”’” awqfsa.org.za, 2020. https://awqafsa.org.za/waqf-hotel-uthman-ibn-affanra/.

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———. “Pemkab Bandung Gagas Program ‘Wakaf Leuweung’ (Bandung District Government Launches ‘Forest Wakaf’ Program).” bwi.go.id, 2013.

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Setiawan, Sakina Rakhma Diah. “Potensi Besar, Wakaf Produktif Belum Tersosialisasi Dengan Baik (Huge Potential, Productive Waqf Is Still Not Yet Well Socialized).” Kompas.com, 2019. https://money.kompas.com/read/2019/09/27/201410426/potensi-besar-wakaf-produktif-belum-tersosialisasi-dengan-baik.

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