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Abstract

The paper critically evaluates the current Indonesian genetically modified (GM) food labeling regime as it is embedded in the international trade law and policy system. This research proposes a GM food labeling regulation for Indonesia based on the socio-economic demands of Indonesia on the one hand and the demands of international trade law and policy on the other. It answers the following research questions: What are the legislative requirements for labelling of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) according to Indonesian law? How should Indonesian law on GM food labelling be designed to meet the interests of its peoples and provide access to foreign markets? We highlight the major weaknesses of the Indonesian GM food labelling law from the perspective chosen in this paper, such as the dependence on regulation from bigger trading blocs, lack of consideration for the socio-economic characteristics of Indonesia, and a low level of compliance. To overcome these shortcomingss, we propose a novel GM food labeling regulation for Indonesia that is based on the concept of Food Safety Objective/Appropriate Level of Protection (FSO/ALOP) applicable to developing countries.

Bahasa Abstract

Bagian pertama artikel ini mengevaluasi secara kritis terhadap rezim peraturan label pada pangan rekayasa genetika (PRG) berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip yang berlaku dalam hukum perdagangan internasional dan sistem kebijakan. Riset ini ditujukan untuk menjadi usulan terhadap perubahan peraturan label pada PRG berdasarkan kebutuhan social-ekonomi di Indonesia di satu sisi dan juga berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip hukum perdagangan internasional di sisi lainnya. Pertanyaan riset akan berfokus pada bagaimana peraturan label pada PRG harus disusun berdasarkan ketentuan penyusunan peraturan yang ada di Indonesia dan bagaimana peraturan label pada PRG dapat disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan konsumen di Indonesia dan juga memberikan akses pasar bagi negara lain. Penekanan kami berikan pada kelemahan yang terdapat pada peraturan label PRG yang berlaku saat ini, seperti ketergantungan pada peraturan serupa dari negara-negara atau komunitas negara yang merupakan rekan perdaganagan utama, ketidaksesuaian peraturan tersebut dengan kebutuhan social-ekonomi konsumen di Indonesia, dan rendahnya tingkat kepatuhan pelaku usaha. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi kelemahan tersebut adalah dengan mengajukan usulan perubahan terhadap peraturan yang berlaku saat ini yang berdasarkan konsep Food Safety Objective/Appropriate Level of Protection (FSO/ALOP) bagi negara-negara berkembang.

References

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