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Abstract

Abstract

Along with the times, the types and methods of exploration and exploitation of the sea are also experiencing developments, such as oil and gas drilling offshore and the construction of offshore installations to smooth the process of oil and gas exploitation and production. The emergence of other objects besides ships in the waters certainly becomes a problem for international navigation activities which have long been the activities of nations since ancient times. Therefore this paper discusses the rights and obligations of the countries that have offshore installations to international navigation according to international law. The method used in this paper is a normative research method. Furthermore the results of this paper find that in an effort to implement these rights and obligations States have adopted a 500-meter safety zone policy around offshore installations. So far no cases of violations of international navigation have been found as a result of the presence of these offshore installations. On the contrary, violations are caused by ships passing by which crashing offshore installations and shocks and shifts the facility due to high speeds during passing around the installation, which potentially lead to failure of operation and production of the installation. Such problems need to be overcome by providing further and more in-depth training from the flag state of the ship captain and there is a need for specific national regulations regarding the safe speed limit of ships and international agreements governing the same, so that the protection of offshore installations is guaranteed internationally.

Keywords: offshore installation, international navigation

Bahasa Abstract

Abstrak

Seiring perkembangan zaman, jenis dan metode eksplorasi dan eksploitasi laut juga mengalami perkembangan, seperti pengeboran minyak dan gas di lepas pantai serta pembangunan instalasi lepas pantai guna kelancaran proses eksploitasi dan produksi migas tersebut. Munculnya objek lain selain kapal di perairan tentu menjadi permasalahan bagi aktivitas navigasi internasional yang telah lama menjadi aktivitas bangsa-bangsa sejak dahulu. Karenanya tulisan ini membahas mengenai hak dan kewajiban Negara-Negara pemilik instalasi lepas pantai terhadap navigasi internasional menurut hukum internasional. Adapun metode yang digunakan pada tulisan ini adalah metode penelitian normatif. Selanjutnya hasil dari tulisan ini menemukan bahwa dalam upaya mengimplementasikan hak dan kewajiban tersebut Negara-Negara telah menerapkan kebijakan zona keselamatan seluas 500 meter di sekitar instalasi lepas pantai. Sejauh ini tidak ditemukan kasus pelanggaran navigasi internasional akibat dari kehadiran instalasi-instalasi lepas pantai tersebut. Sebaliknya, pelanggaran justru disebabkan oleh kapal-kapal yang melintas, yaitu menabrak instalasi lepas pantai dan timbulnya guncangan serta pergeseran akibat tingginya kecepatan yang melintas di sekitar instalasi sehingga berpotensi akan kegagalan operasi dan produksi instalasi. Permasalahan demikian perlu diatasi dengan memberikan pelatihan lebih lanjut dan lebih mendalam dari Negara bendera kapal bagi nahkoda kapal dan perlu adanya regulasi di tingkat nasional yang spesifik mengenai batas kecepatan aman kapal dan adanya kesepakatan internasional yang mengatur hal yang sama, sehingga perlindungan instalasi lepas pantai terjamin secara internasional.

Kata kunci: instalasi lepas pantai, navigasi internasional

References

Daftar Pustaka

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Lain-lain

Faber, Jasper, et. al., “Regulated Slow Steaming in Maritime Transport: An Assesment of Options, Costs, and Benefits”, CE Delft Report, Februari 2012.

Oltedal, Helle A., “Ship-Platform Collision in the North Sea”, Stord/Haugesund University College, Haugesund, Norway, in The Annual European Safety and Reliablity Conference (ESREL), Helsinki, Finlandia, 25-29 Juni 2012.

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Health and Safety Executive, “Safety Zones around Oil and Gas Installation in Water around the UK”, UK, 2008.

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