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Abstract

Abstract

This thesis discusses the Implementation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls Elimination in Indonesia. PCBs have a harmful impact on human health and the environment. PCBs are found in many transformers and capacitors. In 2028, PCBs must be destroyed by Indonesian Government. International trade allows the export-import of PCBs based on the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) with the aim of destroying PCBs between countries, with due respect of Article 20 letter ‘b’ of the GATT or what is called environmental exception. The destruction of PCBs can be done through 2 (two) methods or technologies, namely through dechlorination technology and incineration technology. Dechlorination technology is more environmentally sound, because its destruction does not generate air emissions and liquid waste, while incineration technology generates air emissions, liquid waste, and hazardous waste. Of the two technologies, dechlorination technology and combustion technology, an economic evaluation carries out using the cost effectiveness analysis (CEA) method. The aim of this CEA is to compare the two technologies and to get the cheapest technology cost or called the cost effectiveness ratio (CER).

Keywords: PCBs, Dechlorination, Incineration, GATT, Cost Effectivenes Analysis

Bahasa Abstract

Abstrak

Tesis ini membahas Implementasi Pemusnahan Polychlorinated Biphenyls di Indonesia. PCBs memiliki dampak bahaya terhadap kesehatan manusia dan lingkungan hidup. PCBs banyak terdapat pada Transformator dan Kapasitor. Pada tahun 2028, PCBs sudah harus dimusnahkan oleh Pemerintah Indonesia. Perdagangan Internasional memungkinkan dilakukannya ekspor-impor PCBs berdasarkan General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) dengan tujuan untuk pemusnahan PCBs antar negara, dengan memperhatikan Pasal 20 huruf b GATT atau disebut dengan environmental exception. Pemusnahan PCBs dapat dilakukan melalui 2 (dua) cara atau teknologi, yaitu melalui teknologi deklorinasi dan teknologi pembakaran. Teknologi deklorinasi lebih ramah lingkungan, karena dalam pemusnahannya tidak menghasilkan emisi udara, dan limbah cair, sedangkan teknologi pembakaran menghasilkan emisi udara, limbah cair, dan limbah B3 padat. Dari kedua teknologi tersebut, teknologi deklorinasi dan teknologi pembakaran dilakukan evaluasi ekonomi dengan metode cost effectiveness analysis (CEA), tujuan CEA ini adalah membandingkan kedua teknologi tersebut dan untuk mendapat mendapatkan biaya teknologi mana yang termurah atau disebut cost effectiveness ratio (CER).

Kata Kunci: PCBs, Deklorinasi, Pembakaran, GATT, Cost Effectivenes Analysis

References

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