•  
  •  
 

Bhakti: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat

Abstract

The Werianggi-Werabur Transmigration Area in Teluk Wondama, West Papua, faces challenges of social integration in the form of latent conflict between Indigenous Papuans (OAP) and transmigrants. This tension is manifested in residential segregation and recurring disputes regarding crop damage caused by livestock ("cattle vs. garden"). This community engagement activity aims to initiate culture-based conflict resolution through the "Damai Kita, Sejahtera Kita" Participatory Workshop. We used Participatory Action Research (PAR) as method. The pre-implementation phase utilized Social Network Analysis (SNA) to map key actors, as mediators, followed by social intervention through Focus Group Discussions (FGD) using Problem Tree and Conceptual Model tools. The results show three main achievements: (1) The strategy of commensality (eating together) successfully broke down psychological barriers and shifted interaction patterns from segregative to inclusive; (2) Problem tree analysis revealed that the root of the conflict was not ethnic sentiment, but a regulatory vacuum at the village level; (3) The establishment of the Sane Siri (One Heart) Forum, which integrates restorative customary sanctions into the village governance structure. This program concludes that a cultural approach placing the community as the subject of the solution is more effective in maintaining social cohesion in transmigration contact zones.

References

Apomfires, F. (2000). Dimensi Konflik dalam Program Transmigrasi dan Strategi Pencegahannya. Makalah Prosiding Simposium Internasional Jurnal Antropologi Indonesia I Makassar, Makassar 2000. 420-451.p65

Avruch, K. (2001). Notes Toward Etnographies of Conflict and Violence. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 30(5), 637-648. https://doi.org/10.1177/089124101129024295  

Chambers, R. (1994). Participatory rural appraisal (PRA): Analysis of experience. World Development, 22(9), 1253-1268. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(94)90003-5

Krueger, R.A. & Casey, M.A. (2015). Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research (5th ed.). SAGE.

Sarmita, I. M. (2014). Potensi Konflik di Daerah Tujuan Transmigrasi (Kasus Sampit dan Mesuji). Jurnal Pendidikan Geografi Undiksha, 15(1), 45-59. https://doi.org/10.23887/mkg.v15i1.11422   

Junarto, R., Salim, M. N., & Mujiburohman, D. A. (2025). Tata Kelola Pembangunan Berkelanjutan dalam Upaya Menghadapi Konflik Agraria di Kawasan Transmigrasi Provinsi Lampung. Journal of Infrastructure Policy and Management (JPIM), 8(1), 69-84. https://doi.org/10.35166/jipm.v8i1.94

LeVine, R.A. (1961). Anthropology and the Study of Conflict: An Introduction. The Journal of Conflict Resolution, 5(1), 3-15. https://doi.org/10.1177/002200276100500102

Mansoben, J.r. (1995). Sistem Politik Tradisional di Irian Jaya. Jakarta: LIPI Jakarta.

ODI. (2009). Planning tools: problem tree analysis. Retrieved from: Planning tools: Problem Tree Analysis | ODI: Think change

Margoluis, R., Stem, C., Salafsky, N., & Brown, M. (2009). Using conceptual models as a planning and evaluation tool in conservation. Evaluation and Program Planning, 32(2), 138-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2008.09.007

Nordstrom, C. & Robben, A. (1995). Fieldwork Under Fire: Contemporary Studies of Violence and Survival. University of California Press. https://doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520089938.001.0001

Pretty, J.N. (1995). Participatory learning for sustainable agriculture. World Development, 23(8), 1247-1263. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(95)00046-F

Suparlan, P. (1998). Model Sosial Budaya bagi Penyelenggaraan Transmigrasi di Irian Jaya. Antropologi Indonesia, 22(57), 23-47. https://doi.org/10.7454/ai.v0i57.3343

Suparlan, P. (2006). Konflik Sosial dan Alternatif Pemecahannya. Antropologi Indonesia, 30(2), 138-150. DOI:10.7454/ai.v30i2.3559

Tirtosudarmo, R. (2015). The Politics of Migration in Indonesia and Beyond. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-9032-5

Wageningen University & Research. (n.d.). The MSP Guide: How to design and facilitate multi-stakeholder partnerships. The Problem Tree. Retrieved from: Problem Tree – MSP Guide

Warsito, R. (1995). Transmigrasi: Dari Daerah Asal Sampai Benturan Budaya Di Tempat Pemukiman. Raja Grafindo Persada.

Bahasa Abstract

Kawasan Transmigrasi Werianggi-Werabur di Teluk Wondama, Papua Barat, menghadapi tantangan integrasi sosial berupa konflik laten antara Orang Asli Papua (OAP) dan warga transmigran. Ketegangan ini termanifestasi dalam segregasi pemukiman dan perselisihan berulang terkait kerusakan lahan kebun akibat hewan ternak (sapi versus kebun). Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan menginisiasi resolusi konflik berbasis budaya melalui Lokakarya Partisipatif "Damai Kita, Sejahtera Kita". Metode pelaksanaan menggunakan pendekatan Participatory Action Research (PAR). Tahap pra-pelaksanaan memanfaatkan Analisis Jaringan Sosial (AJS) untuk memetakan aktor kunci sebagai mediator, dilanjutkan dengan intervensi sosial melalui Focus Group Discussion (FGD) menggunakan alat bantu Pohon Masalah (Problem Tree) dan Model Konseptual. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan tiga capaian utama: (1) Strategi makan bersama (commensality) berhasil meruntuhkan sekat psikologis dan mengubah pola interaksi warga dari segregatif menjadi inklusif; (2) Analisis pohon masalah mengungkap bahwa akar konflik bukan sentimen etnis, melainkan kekosongan regulasi di tingkat kampung terkait tata kelola; (3) Terbentuknya kesepakatan pelembagaan Forum Sane Siri (Satu Hati) yang mengintegrasikan sanksi adat restoratif ke dalam struktur pemerintahan desa. Program ini menyimpulkan bahwa pendekatan budaya yang menempatkan masyarakat sebagai subjek solusi lebih efektif dalam merawat kohesi sosial di wilayah zona kontak transmigrasi.

Download

Share

COinS