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Abstract

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode simulasi analisis akustik dan visual untuk mengevaluasi kualitas ruang, serta memahami bagaimana desain ruang tertentu dapat menghadirkan kualitas multisensori yang dapat mendukung penyandang tunarungu. Simulasi analisis akustik menggunakan Ecotect untuk mengukur reverberasi dan pantulan suara. Sementara simulasi analisis visibilitas menggunakan depthmapX untuk mengukur isovist pengguna, integrasi, dan visibilitas ruang. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa ruang dengan sumber suara dari atas akan lebih baik dalam mendistribusi suara tanpa menimbulkan tingkat reverberasi ruang yang tinggi. Sumber suara berbentuk pocket dan organic enclosure dapat mengurangi tingkat reverberasi dan pantulan suara dalam ruang, meningkatkan privasi ruang sekaligus memberikan lapang pandang yang cukup luas bagi penglihatan kaum tunarungu. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa ada tiga konsep utama yang mempengaruhi kualitas akustik dan visual bagi kaum tunarungu, yaitu enclosure yang mempengaruhi tingkat privasi dan reverberasi ruang, integrasi yang menentukan visibilitas spasial dan orientasi massa atau bidang, serta material yang mempengaruhi kualitas absorpsi suara dalam ruang.

This study addressed the auditorial necessity and visual potential of the deaf using acoustic and visual analysis simulation. Due to the poorly designed room acoustics, the deaf people had difficulties communicating, despite the use of hearing aids or cochlear implants. This condition often causes some distorted sound waves in hearing aids. To compensate for the deficiency in auditory abilities, the deaf people relied on their peripheral vision as a source of information for communication. However, the understanding of parameters of room geometry that are necessary to support both the acoustic and visual qualities of the deaf was limited. Based on the depthmapX and Ecotect simulations, this study discovered that the source of the sound in space should come from the top to minimise the reverberation time. Spaces in the form of pockets and with organic enclosure also minimise the reverberation time and sound reflection, achieving privacy while maintaining the potential peripheral vision of the deaf. The study also revealed that a room with acoustic and visual qualities for the deaf should incorporate three concepts, i.e., an enclosure to achieve a certain level of privacy and sound reverberation; integration of spatial visibility following the room or wall orientations; and consideration of the use of materials to absorb the different frequencies of sound.

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Author Biography

Ersalina Trisnawati
Ersalina Trisnawati menempuh pendidikan Sarjana Arsitektur di Universitas Pelita Harapan. Penulis tertarik menekuni berbagai penggunaan digital tools dalam proses perancangan. Beberapa diantaranya adalah simulasi dan analisis lingkungan kota menggunakan infraWorks, depthmapX, ecotect mulai dari skala kota, kawasan, hingga bangunan dan ruang.

Julia Dewi
Julia Dewi menyelesaikan studi doktoral di Program Pasca Sarjana Universitas Katolik Parahyangan Bandung. Penulis mengajar Riset Arsitektur dan mata kuliah terkait perkotaan di Program Studi Arsitektur Universitas Pelita Harapan, serta tergabung dalam kelompok bidang kajian Permukiman dan Perkotaan. Penelitian yang dilakukan diantaranya terkait dengan morfologi kota dengan berbagai aspek pendekatan, serta upaya-upaya menemukan strategi desain bagi ruang publik maupun komunal di lingkungan perkotaan.

Susinety Prakoso
Susinety Prakoso menyelesaikan studi doktoral di Universitas Indonesia. Penulis mengajar di Program Studi Arsitektur Universitas Pelita Harapan, khususnya mata kuliah terkait arsitektur lanskap, perumahan dan permukiman, serta riset arsitektur. Riset yang dilakukan lebih terkait dengan kualitas ruang kota ramah anak, rasa kelekatan di tingkat personal dan komunitas, serta hunian dan penggunaannya.

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