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Abstract

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are one of the most common occupational health problems among workers, including teachers. High work demand and awkward posture are among the most common risk factors. In addition, individual characteristics are included as risk factors that can increase these complaints. Thus, the purpose of this research is to analyze the relationship between individual characteristics, physical and psychosocial risk factors against WMSDs on teachers at State Vocational High School. This research was conducted in April – July 2021 using various questionnaires like NMQ, QEC, and a combination of psychosocial questionnaires. A cross-sectional study design was used in this research with 100 teachers involved from three State Vocational High School in Pekanbaru. The results of this research indicate that there are three variables that have a significant relationship, namely: a high level of risk on wrist/hand and low control of work with neck complaints and low social support with shoulder complaints. Therefore, further control and intervention are needed to overcome these problems.

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Bahasa Abstract

Gangguan otot tulang rangka akibat kerja (gotrak) menjadi salah satu permasalahan kesehatan kerja yang paling sering terjadi dan dialami oleh pekerja, termasuk guru. Tuntutan kerja yang banyak dan bervariasi serta postur tubuh yang janggal menjadi salah satu faktor risiko yang paling sering dialami. Selain itu, karakteristik individu juga menjadi faktor risiko dalam peningkatan keluhan tersebut. Sehingga, tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ialah untuk menganalisis hubungan antara karakteristik individu, faktor risiko fisik, dan faktor risiko psikososial terhadap keluhan gotrak pada guru SMK Negeri. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April – Juli 2021 dengan menggunakan berbagai kuesioner, yaitu lembar NMQ, QEC, dan kombinasi kuesioner psikososial. Desain studi cross-sectional digunakan pada penelitian ini dan melibatkan 100 guru dari tiga SMK Negeri di Kota Pekanbaru. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat tiga variabel yang memiliki hubungan yang signifikan, yaitu: tingkat risiko pada pergelangan/tangan yang tinggi dan kendali terhadap pekerjaan yang rendah dengan keluhan pada leher serta dukungan sosial yang rendah dengan keluhan pada bahu. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pengendalian dan intervensi lebih lanjut untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut.

Kata Kunci: Keluhan Gangguan Otot Tulang Rangka Akibat Kerja (Gotrak), Guru, Karakteritik Individu, Faktor Fisik, Faktor Psikososial

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