•  
  •  
 

International Review of Humanities Studies

International Review of Humanities Studies

Abstract

Indonesia has been chosen to host the G20 summit in Bali in November 2022. Indonesia has prepared many agendas ahead of the execution of this summit. This preparation concerns the technical implementation of multilateral relations, which have undergone significant changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, Indonesia needs help hosting the G20 due to the fractured multilateral relations of several G20 member countries caused by the Russia-Ukraine conflict in early 2022. As a result, Indonesia must mediate between the disputing parties to resolve this issue by selecting appropriate communication methods. Cultural diplomacy is one approach. Cultural diplomacy is a non-coercive means of achieving a country's foreign policy goals, specifically through exchanging ideas, values, and culture. Therefore, this research aims to assess the potential strength of Indonesian cultural diplomacy in assisting global economic recovery following the COVID-19 pandemic and encouraging peace in the Russia-Ukraine conflict. Furthermore, this research aims to determine how Indonesia's cultural diplomacy can ensure the continuity of the G20 2022 Indonesia implementation and realization of its agendas. This research aims to solve problems and challenges before and after the G20 2022. This research addresses issues and challenges before and after the G20 2022 meeting. This study employs mixed methods to investigate the relationship or contradiction between qualitative and quantitative variables in research data sources. According to the findings of this study, cultural diplomacy can address the challenges of implementing the G20 2022 and provide projections of possible global conditions after the conference.

References

AFP. (2022, June 30). Zelensky says will attend G20 depending on other “participants.” The Jakarta Post. Retrieved June 30, 2022, from https://www.thejakartapost.com/world/2022/06/30/zelensky-says-will-attend-g20-depending-on-other-participants-.html

Author 3. (2022, April 22). Leading the G20 Meeting on Culture, MoECRT Offers a Cultural Way for Sustainable Living – G20 Presidency of Indonesia. G20 Indonesia 2022. Retrieved June 30, 2022, from https://g20.org/leading-the-g20-meeting-on-culture-moecrt-offers-a-cultural-way-for-sustainable-living/

Benedict, K. (2015). Global Governance. International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 155–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-097086-8.75018-5

Carbone, F. (2017). International tourism and cultural diplomacy: A new conceptual approach towards global mutual understanding and peace through tourism. Tourism: An International Interdisciplinary Journal, 65(1), 61–74. https://hrcak.srce.hr/178623

Chinese Embassy in Indonesia. (2022, February 22). Ambassador-designate Lu Kang Arrives in Jakarta. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zwjg_665342/zwbd_665378/202202/t20220222_10644499.html

Clarke, D. (2020). Cultural Diplomacy. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of International Studies, https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.543

Fadilah, N., & Revindo, M. D. (2021). The Development of Sustainable Tourism through Multilateralism, Cultural Cooperation and Diplomacy: The Case of Sweden and Finland. Elementary Education Online, 2020(5), 6525–6532. https://www.bibliomed.org/?mno=78772

Fioretos, O., & Tallberg, J. (2021). Politics and theory of global governance. International Theory, 13(1), 99–111. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1752971920000408

Forrest, A. (2022, June 29). Boris Johnson says he won’t boycott G20 even if ‘pariah’ Putin goes. The Independent. Retrieved June 30, 2022, from https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/boris-johnson-putin-g20-boycott-b2111855.html

G20 Indonesia 2022. (n.d.). G20 Side Events: Recover Together Recover Stronger. Retrieved June 30, 2022, from https://g20sideevents.id/

Global Times. (2022, March 23). Russia is an important member of G20, no country can oust another G20 member: China’s Foreign Ministry. Retrieved June 30, 2022, from https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202203/1256612.shtml

Grincheva, N. (2021). Cultural diplomacy under the “digital lockdown”: pandemic challenges and opportunities in museum diplomacy. Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 18(1), 8–11. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-021-00237-z

Guetterman, T. C., Fetters, M. D., & Creswell, J. W. (2015). Integrating Quantitative and Qualitative Results in Health Science Mixed Methods Research Through Joint Displays. The Annals of Family Medicine, 13(6), 554–561. https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.1865

Heale, R., & Twycross, A. (2015). Validity and reliability in quantitative studies. Evidence Based Nursing, 18(3), 66–67. https://doi.org/10.1136/eb-2015-102129

Hendriyani, I. G. A. D. (2022, May 11). Siaran Pers : Negara G20 Optimistis “Bali Guidelines” Berkontribusi dalam Pemulihan Ekonomi Global dan Penciptaan Lapangan Kerja. Kemenparekraf RI. Retrieved August 24, 2022, from https://www.kemenparekraf.go.id/berita/siaran-pers-negara-g20-optimistis-bali-guidelines-berkontribusi-dalam-pemulihan-ekonomi-global-dan-penciptaan-lapangan-kerja

Isar, Y. R., & Triandafyllidou, A. (2020). Introduction to this Special Issue Cultural Diplomacy: What Role for Cities and Civil Society Actors? International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society, 34(4), 393–402. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10767-020-09385-1

Jang, J., McSparren, J., & Rashchupkina, Y. (2016). Global governance: present and future.Palgrave Communications, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.1057/palcomms.2015.45 Junida, A. I. (2022, July 11).

Kemenparekraf: Presidensi G20 bantu pulihkan pariwisata RI. Antara News. Retrieved August 24, 2022, from https://www.antaranews.com/berita/2989017/kemenparekraf-presidensi-g20-bantu-pulihkan-pariwisata-ri

Kalish, C. W., & Thevenow-Harrison, J. T. (2014). Descriptive and Inferential Problems of Induction. Psychology of Learning and Motivation, 1–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-800283-4.00001-0 KBRI BERN. (2020, September 18).

KBRI Bern Gelar Lakon Rajamala Virtual di Swiss. Kementerian Luar Negeri Republik Indonesia. Retrieved May 30, 2022, from https://kemlu.go.id/bern/id/news/8483/kbri-bern-gelar-lakon-rajamala-virtual-di-swiss#!

Kiger, M. E., & Varpio, L. (2020). Thematic analysis of qualitative data: AMEE Guide No. 131. Medical Teacher, 42(8), 846–854. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159x.2020.1755030

Kim, H. J. (2018). Multi-Stakeholders in Public and Cultural Diplomacies as Seen through the Lens of Public-Private Partnerships: A Comparative Case Study of Germany and South Korea. Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia, 17(1), 68–93. https://doi.org/10.17477/jcea.2018.17.1.068

Mekarisce, A. A. (2020). Teknik Pemeriksaan Keabsahan Data pada Penelitian Kualitatif di Bidang Kesehatan Masyarakat. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat: Media Komunikasi Komunitas Kesehatan Masyarakat, 12(3), 145–151. https://doi.org/10.52022/jikm.v12i3.102

Ministry of Tourism, Republic of Indonesia. (n.d.). Three Important Side Events of G20 2022 –Indonesia Travel. Retrieved June 30, 2022, from https://www.indonesia.travel/id/en/trip-ideas/three-important-side-events-of-g20-2022

Nowell, L. S., Norris, J. M., White, D. E., & Moules, N. J. (2017). Thematic Analysis. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 16(1), 160940691773384. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406917733847

Nye, J. (2017). Soft power: the origins and political progress of a concept. Palgrave Communications, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.1057/palcomms.2017.8

Palmiero, M. (2020). The relationships between abstraction and creativity. Creativity and the Wandering Mind, 73–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-816400-6.00004-3

Partington, R. (2022, April 21). US, UK and Canada walk out of G20 meeting over war in Ukraine. The Guardian. Retrieved June 30, 2022, from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/apr/20/us-uk-and-canada-walk-out-g20-meeting-war-in-ukraine-russia Pusdatin. (2022, August 8).

Statistik Kunjungan Wisatawan Mancanegara Bulan Juni 2022. Kemenparekraf RI. Retrieved August 24, 2022, from https://kemenparekraf.go.id/statistik-wisatawan-mancanegara/statistik-kunjungan-wisatawan-mancanegara-bulan-juni-2022

Ria Novosti. (2022, August 19). Путин посетит саммит G20 на Бали (Putin to attend G20 summit in Bali). Retrieved August 24, 2022, from https://ria.ru/20220819/sammit1810629941.html Rojab, B. (2022, July 21).

Menteri Nadiem Dorong Pemulihan Seni dan Budaya di Pertemuan G20. IDX channel. Retrieved August 24, 2022, from https://www.idxchannel.com/economics/menteri-nadiem-dorong-pemulihan-seni-dan-budaya-di-pertemuan-g20

Schoonenboom, J., & Johnson, R. B. (2017). How to Construct a Mixed Methods Research Design. KZfSS Kölner Zeitschrift Für Soziologie Und Sozialpsychologie, 69(S2), 107–131. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11577-017-0454-1

Sidik, F. M. (2022, July 10). Rusia-RI Luruskan Kabar Menlu Lavrov Walk Out di G20 Bali.detiknews. Retrieved August 24, 2022, from https://news.detik.com/berita/d- 6171655/rusia-ri-luruskan-kabar-menlu-lavrov-walk-out-di-g20-bali

Shorten, A., & Smith, J. (2017). Mixed methods research: expanding the evidence base. Evidence Based Nursing, 20(3), 74–75. https://doi.org/10.1136/eb-2017-102699

Swasty, R. (2022, May 31). Kemendikbudristek Ajak Gotong Royong untuk Pemulihan Kebudayaan di Dunia - Medcom.id. medcom.id. Retrieved June 30, 2022, from https://m.medcom.id/pendidikan/news-pendidikan/VNxoxyxK-kemendikbudristek-ajak-gotong-royong-untuk-pemulihan-kebudayaan-di-dunia

TASS. (2022, March 8). Russian government approves list of unfriendly countries and territories. Retrieved June 29, 2022, from https://tass.com/politics/1418197

The Associated Press. (2022, June 28). Draghi: G-20 presidency says Putin won’t go to Bali meeting. ABC News. Retrieved June 30, 2022, from https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/draghi-20-presidency-putin-bali-meeting-85852032

UN Affairs. (2022, April 11). UN General Assembly votes to suspend Russia from the Human Rights. UN News. Retrieved June 29, 2022, from https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/04/1115782

Utami, L. D. (2022, June 5). KBRI Ajak Media Korsel Serukan Pesan Kepemimpinan G20 Indonesia. Tribunnews.com. Retrieved August 25, 2022, from https://www.tribunnews.com/nasional/2022/06/05/kbri-ajak-media-korsel-serukan-pesan-kepemimpinan-g20-indonesia

Villanueva R., C. (2018). Theorizing cultural diplomacy all the way down: a cosmopolitan constructivist discourse from an Ibero-American perspective. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 24(5), 681–694. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286632.2018.1514033

Widakuswara, P. (2022, April 30). Zelenskyy’s Invite to G20 Not Enough for Biden. VOA.Retrieved June 29, 2022, from https://www.voanews.com/a/zelenskyy-invite-to-g20-not-enough-for-biden/6550617.html

Wintour, P. (2022, July 8). Lavrov walks out of G20 talks after denying Russia is causing food crisis. The Guardian. Retrieved August 24, 2022, from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jul/08/lavrov-leaves-g20-talks-early-denying-russia-causing-food-crisis

World Economic Forum. (2022). Strategic Intelligence | World Economic Forum. Stategic Intelligence. Retrieved August 24, 2022, from https://intelligence.weforum.org/topics/a1Gb0000000LHN2EAO

Wu, W., Tan, X., Xie, Y., Wang, Q., & Zhang, Y. (2020). The Role of the Summit in Global Health Governance: A Neglected Way. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 49(2), 397–399. https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v49i2.3114

Zamorano, M. M. (2016). Reframing Cultural Diplomacy: The Instrumentalization of Culture under the Soft Power Theory. Culture Unbound, 8(2), 165–186. https://doi.org/10.3384/cu.2000.1525.1608165

Share

COinS