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International Review of Humanities Studies

International Review of Humanities Studies

Abstract

Following the rapid change in technology development, the Indonesian mass media have undergone a digital transformation. This digital mass media and its users have evolved, assimilated, and integrated themselves to fit in the cyber world. This distinguishing feature distinguishes them from traditional mass media. The cyber environment's infinite international boundaries are both advantageous and disadvantageous, as it is difficult to govern digital activity outside Indonesia's jurisdiction. This unregulated environment became a breeding ground for cybercrime, making the digital space unsafe for individuals and threatening national security. In response to this issue, the Indonesian government has enacted various laws and policies, including Law No. 19 of 2016 and the ESO Policy of the Indonesian Minister of Communication and Information Technology. However, throughout their execution, these rules and regulations have several flaws. This article aims to examine the impact of various forms of media governance on the resolution of numerous issues affecting cyber sovereignty and digital journalism in Indonesian cyberspace. This article employs a qualitative phenomenological approach with descriptive-analysis methodology by observing and assessing a variety of digital phenomena in Indonesian cyberspace and examining numerous cyber laws, theories, and regulations. This article finds that stakeholders in the media governance framework require additional cooperation and commitment to enforce laws and rules more effectively.

Bahasa Abstract

Seiring dengan pesatnya perkembangan teknologi, media massa di Indonesia telah mengalami transformasi digital. Transformasi ini mendorong media massa digital beserta para penggunanya untuk berevolusi, beradaptasi, dan berintegrasi dengan ekosistem dunia siber. Karakteristik tersebut menjadi pembeda utama antara media massa digital dan media massa konvensional. Di satu sisi, lingkungan siber yang tidak mengenal batas-batas geografis antarnegara memberikan berbagai peluang bagi pertukaran informasi secara global. Namun, di sisi lain, kondisi tersebut juga menimbulkan tantangan karena aktivitas digital yang berlangsung di luar yurisdiksi Indonesia sulit untuk diatur dan diawasi. Situasi ini menciptakan ruang yang kondusif bagi berkembangnya berbagai bentuk kejahatan siber sehingga menjadikan ruang digital kurang aman bagi masyarakat serta berpotensi mengancam keamanan nasional. Sebagai respons terhadap permasalahan tersebut, Pemerintah Indonesia telah menetapkan berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan dan kebijakan, antara lain Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 serta Kebijakan Penyelenggara Sistem Elektronik (Electronic System Operator/ESO) yang dikeluarkan oleh Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika. Meskipun demikian, implementasi berbagai regulasi tersebut masih menghadapi sejumlah kelemahan dan tantangan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh berbagai bentuk tata kelola media (media governance) dalam mengatasi berbagai persoalan yang berkaitan dengan kedaulatan siber (cyber sovereignty) dan jurnalisme digital di ruang siber Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif fenomenologis dengan metode deskriptif-analitis melalui pengamatan dan analisis terhadap berbagai fenomena digital di ruang siber Indonesia, serta kajian terhadap berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan, teori, dan regulasi di bidang siber. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa para pemangku kepentingan dalam kerangka tata kelola media memerlukan kerja sama yang lebih erat dan komitmen yang lebih kuat agar implementasi serta penegakan hukum dan regulasi di ruang siber dapat berjalan secara lebih efektif.

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