Abstract
The existence of 3D Printing and CAD Files has great potential to conflict with the protection of intellectual property rights, especially copyright and industrial design. It is undeniable that in the future this technology will flourish in Indonesia. 3D Printing can change the market ecosystem where people are not selling products but selling virtual models (CAD Files). This ecosystem will have an impact on designers and companies, so they will try to protect their CAD Files from modification and copying by other parties. The legal problem of this research is to answer the question of the form of protection for CAD Files for 3D Printing according to the Copyright Act and Industrial Design Act. As well as questioning whether CAD Files as a design that has obtained industrial design can obtain copyright protection? Does the legal system in Indonesia adhere to a cumulative protection system, separate protection or cumulative partial protection? The purposes of this study are to answer whether designers can protect their CAD Files with Copyright or Industrial Design and whether the legal system in Indonesia can protect CAD Files simultaneously or cumulatively. This research uses a normative legal methodology as well as using statutory approach, comparative approach and conceptual approach. This research will refer to two theoretical frameworks, namely labor theory or property and cumulative protection theory. The conclusion of this research is that copyright and industry can protect CAD Files for 3D Printing as long as the CAD Files meets the protection requirement as regulated in the Act. Although both protections can protect CAD Files, the Industrial Design Law does not regulate simultaneous protection with Copyright. So that Indonesia adheres to a separate protection regime like the USA. To determine whether CAD Files are categorized as works of art or industrial design, it must be seen the purpose of the designer creating CAD Files, whether to enjoy its beauty or to be mass produced.
Keywords: 3D Printing, CAD Files, Copyright, Industrial Design, Digital Blueprint. Virtual Model, Cumulative Protection.
Bahasa Abstract
Keberadaan dari 3D Printing dan CAD Files berpotensi besar akan berkonflik dengan perlindungan hak kekayaan intelektual khususnya hak cipta dan desain industri. Tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa kedepannya teknologi ini akan marak di indonesia. 3D Printing dapat mengubah pasar yang tadinya berjualan produk jadi menjadi virtual model atau CAD Files. Hal ini akan berdampak pada desainer dan perusahaan, sehingga mereka akan berusaha untuk melindungi CAD File Nya dari modifikasi dan penggandaan oleh pihak lain. Permasalahan hukum dari penelitian ini adalah mempertanyakan akan bentuk perlindungan terhadap CAD Files untuk 3D Printing menurut UU Hak Cipta dan UU Desain Industri. Serta mempertanyakan apakah CAD Files sebagai suatu desain yang telah mendapatkan hak desain industri dapat memperoleh perlindungan hak cipta? dan apakah sistem hukum di Indonesia menganut sistem perlindungan kumulatif, perlindungan terpisah atau perlindungan parsial kumulatif Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjawab apakah desainer dapat melindungi CAD File Nya dengan hak cipta ataukah dengan desain industri dan apakah sistem hukum di Indonesia dapat melindungi CAD Files secara bersamaan atau kumulatif. Penyusunan penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metodologi hukum normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan perbandingan dan pendekatan konsep. Penelitian ini akan mengacu pada dua kerangka teori yaitu labor theory of property dan teori perlindungan kumulatif. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah hak cipta dan desain industri dapat melindungi CAD Files untuk 3D Printing sepanjang CAD Files tersebut telah memenuhi persyaratan perlindungan sebagaimana diatur dalam UU. Walaupun kedua perlindungan dapat melindungi CAD Files, UU Desain Industri tidak mengatur mengenai perlindungan kumulatif dengan Hak Cipta. Sehingga Indonesia menganut rezim perlindungan terpisah seperti Amerika. Untuk menentukan apakah CAD Files masuk kedalam ranah hak cipta dan dikategorikan sebagai karya seni atau masuk kedalam ranah desain industri maka harus dilihat tujuan dari desainer menciptakan CAD Files, apakah untuk dinikmati keindahannya ataukah untuk diproduksi secara masal.
Kata Kunci: 3D Printing, CAD Files, Hak Cipta, Desain Industri, Digital Blueprint, Virtual Model, Perlindungan Kumulatif
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Recommended Citation
Saraswati, Gusti Karina
(2023)
"PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP VIRTUAL MODEL (CAD FILES) UNTUK 3D PRINTING DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF HAK CIPTA DAN TENTANG DESAIN INDUSTRI,"
"Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI: Vol. 2, Article 19.
Available at:
https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/dharmasisya/vol2/iss3/19
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