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Abstract

Penyebab utama kelainan fungsi paru adalah kebiasaan merokok dan diperburuk oleh faktor lain seperti polusi udara dan paparan bahan kimia. Residu dari aktivitas pembangkit listrik tenaga uap yang salah satu bahan bakarnya batubara dapat menurunkan kesehatan paru-paru dalam jangka panjang atau menyebabkan penyakit karsinogenik kronis. Abu terbang sebagai residu berpotensi terlepas ke udara dalam jumlah yang dapat terhirup dan beracun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kondisi paru-paru warga sekitar PLTU X. Penelitian cross-sectional dilakukan pada 146 orang yang dipilih menggunakan purposive sampling dan tinggal di sekitar PLTU X. COPD Assessment Test (CAT) dan kuesioner mMRC digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode regresi logistik. Penelitian ini menemukan 17,81% responden kategori CAT sedang-berat dan 23% menunjukkan mMRC 2. Faktor yang mempengaruhi penurunan fungsi paru masyarakat sekitar PLTU X adalah jenis kelamin (POR=0,31; 95% CI=0,11-0,87), riwayat penyakit infeksi paru (POR=5,74; 95% CI=2,18-32,09), dan pendapatan (POR=0,31; 95% CI=0,11-0,87). Faktor risiko yang paling mempengaruhi penurunan fungsi paru masyarakat sekitar PLTU X pada skor CAT dan mMRC adalah jenis kelamin laki-laki, riwayat penyakit menular, berpendapatan rendah, dan memelihara hewan di dalam dan sekitar rumah.

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